儿童骨骼肌肉系统疾病影像学研究现状与进展

Research status and progresses of imaging for musculoskeletal system diseases in children

随着医学影像学技术的快速发展,影像学研究儿童骨骼肌肉系统疾病已取得显著进展。凭借三维重建、血管成像等技术,CT能准确评估病变范围、程度及血管情况,而双能CT、自适应统计迭代重建对于降低辐射剂量发挥了重要作用,但仍需进一步探索。MRI无辐射、可多参数成像、分辨率高,有助于充分显示儿童骨骼发育和信号变化特征,但如何在保证图像质量的前提下缩短扫描时间是亟待解决的临床问题。此外,基于人工智能(AI)的计算机辅助检测与诊断近年已逐渐成为影像学的重要研究方向之一。本文就CT、MRI及其与AI融合用于儿童骨骼肌肉系统疾病研究现状与进展进行述评。

With the rapid development of medical imaging technologies,remarkable progresses were achieved in imaging researches of children's musculoskeletal system diseases.CT could accurately evaluate the extent,severity and vascular condition of lesions using 3D reconstruction and vascular imaging.Dual energy CT and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction played an important role for reducing radiation dose,but further exploration was still necessary.MRI had characteristics of non-radiation,multi parameter imaging and high resolution,being helpful to understanding characteristics of children's bone development and signal changes,while how to shorten the scanning time when ensuring image quality remained a clinical challenge.In recent years,computer-aided detection and diagnosis based on artificial intelligence(AI)had gradually become an important research direction of imaging.The research status and progresses of CT,MRI and their combination with AI for children musculoskeletal system diseases were reviewed in this article.