芒柄花素药理作用及机制的研究进展

Research Progress on Pharmacological Effects and Mechanisms of Formononetin

芒柄花素是一种天然异黄酮类化合物,广泛存在于黄芪、葛根、鸡血藤、红三叶草等中药中,是典型的植物雌激素,能双向调节雌激素活性。现代药理研究表明,芒柄花素可通过雌激素依赖或独立机制发挥多种潜在的药理作用,包括雌激素样作用、抗炎、抗氧化、抗增殖活性等。这种活性成分在多种慢性疾病,如心脑血管疾病、代谢性疾病、骨质疏松、恶性肿瘤、肝肾功能损伤等疾病中也显示出预防和治疗的潜力,主要涉及沉默调节蛋白1(SIRT1)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)、PPARγ、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、核转录因子红细胞相关因子2/血红素加氧酶-1(Nrf2/HO-1)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶/一氧化氮(eNOS/NO)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(BCL-2)等信号通路的调节。对芒柄花素的多种生物学作用和其所涉及的信号通路进行综述,以期为芒柄花素的基础研究和临床应用提供参考。

Formononetin is a natural isoflavone compound,widely found in Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.,Pueraria lobata(Willd.)Ohwi,Spatholobus suberectus Dunn,Trifolium pratense L.,and other Chinese herbal medicine.It is a typical phytoestrogen and can bidirectionally regulate estrogen activity.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that formononetin exerts many potential pharmacological effects through estrogen-dependent or independent mechanisms,including estrogen-like effects,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidation,and anti-proliferation effects.This active component also shows the preventive and therapeutic potential in various chronic diseases,such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,metabolic diseases,osteoporosis,malignant tumors,and hepatic and renal function impairment,mainly involving the regulation of signaling pathways such as silent information regulator of transcription 1(SIRT1),peroxisome proliferatorsactivated receptorα(PPARα),PPARγ,nuclear transcription factorκB(NF-κB),nuclear factor‑erythroid 2 related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1),endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide(eNOS/NO),B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein(Bax),and B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2).This review summarized the various biological roles and the signaling pathways involved in formononetin,so as to provide a basis for its basic research and clinical application.