CDK4/6抑制剂一线治疗HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌的快速卫生技术评估

CDK4/6 inhibitors in the first-line treatment of HR+/HER2- advanced stagebreast cancer: a rapid health technology assessment

目的对细胞周期依赖性激酶4/6(CDK4/6)抑制剂一线治疗激素受体阳性(HR+)及人表皮生长因子受体2阴性(HER2-)晚期乳腺癌的有效性、安全性和经济性进行快速卫生技术评估,为临床和决策者提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP数据库和卫生技术评估(health technology assessment,HTA)机构官方网站,搜集CDK4/6抑制剂治疗HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌的文献及报告,检索时限均从建库至2023年12月31日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的质量,对结果进行定性描述与分析。结果共纳入33篇文献,包括系统评价/Meta分析9篇、经济学研究15篇及HTA报告9篇。有效性方面,与单纯内分泌治疗相比,CDK4/6抑制剂联合内分泌治疗可显著改善患者的无疾病进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)(P<0.05),但哌柏西利、阿贝西利和瑞波西利3种CDK4/6抑制剂间的疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。安全性方面,与单纯内分泌治疗相比,CDK4/6抑制剂联合内分泌治疗的患者不良反应发生率更高(P<0.05);不同CDK4/6抑制剂间不良反应发生率有差异,哌柏西利血液学不良反应发生率更高(P<0.05),阿贝西利更易导致腹泻等胃肠道不良反应(P<0.05)。药物经济学研究中,由于不同国家的医疗成本、分析角度、意愿支付阈值、研究时间等不同,研究结果差异性较大。结论CDK4/6抑制剂在一线治疗HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌患者中疗效类似,但安全性和经济性等方面存在一定差异。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety and economy of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6(CDK4/6)inhibitors for the first-line treatment of hormone receptors positive(HR+),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative(HER2-)advanced breast cancer(ABC)by rapid health technology assessment,and to provide evidence for clinicians and policymakers.Methods PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP databases and the official website of health technology assessment(HTA)agency were electronically searched to collect clinical evidence and literature of CDK4/6 inhibitors in the treatment of HR+/HER2-ABC from the inception to December 31,2023.Two reviewers independently identified studies,extracted data,assessed the quality of included studies,and descriptively analyzed and summarised the results.Results A total of 33 articles were included,including 9 systematic reviews/Meta-analyses,15 pharmacoeconomic studies and 9 HTA reports.In terms of efficacy,compared with endocrine therapy alone,the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors significantly improved progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)in patients with HR+/HER2-ABC(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in efficacy among palbociclib,abemaciclib and ribociclib(P>0.05).In terms of safety,more adverse events were observed in patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors when compared with endocrine therapy(P<0.05).There was a difference in the incidence of adverse effects between the different CDK4/6 inhibitors,with palbociclib having higher incidence of haematological adverse effects(P<0.05),and abemaciclib being more likely to cause gastrointestinal adverse reactions such as diarrhoea(P<0.05).The economic evaluation results were variable due to differences in healthcare costs,analysis perspectives,willingness-to-pay thresholds,and study duration in different countries.Conclusion CDK4/6 inhibitors have similar efficacy in the first-line treatment of HR+/HER2-ABC patients,but there are some differences in aspects such as safety and economy.