基于Linkage Mapper的武汉市生态安全格局构建

The Construction of Ecological Security Pattern in Wuhan Based on Linkage Mapper

城市蓝绿空间对维持城市生态平衡具有重要作用,城市化的快速发展促使生态用地破碎化。文章以武汉市为研究对象,基于“生态源地识别—阻力面构建—生态廊道识别—战略节点识别”框架结合连通性构建生态安全格局。结果表明:①生态源地面积共3053.09 km^(2),空间上多集中于武汉市西北部、东南部和东北部。②阻力因子的选取包括土地利用、地形、人为干扰及生态保护四个方面,运用层次分析法得到各阻力因子权重分别为0.387、0.316、0.109和0.188,结合ArcGIS加权得到综合生态阻力值,在空间上呈现“中间高、四周低”的特征。③基于Linkage Mapper识别出生态廊道21条,共计1223.72 km,生态网络结构α指数为0.43、β指数为1.62、γ指数为0.64,重力模型筛选出的作用力大于15的一级廊道共8条。④识别出548个生态夹点,总面积2.7801 km^(2);473处生态障碍点,总面积8.874 km^(2)。

Urban blue-green space plays an important role in maintaining urban ecological balance,but the rapid development of urbanization has led to the fragmentation of ecological land.Taking Wuhan city as the research object,the paper constructs an ecological security pattern based on the framework of“ecological source identification-resistance surface construction-ecological corridor identification-strategic node identification” by combining with connectivity.The results show that:①the ecological source sites cover a total area of 3053.09 km^(2) and are mostly spatially concentrated in the northwestern, southeastern and northeastern parts of Wuhan city. ② The selection of resistance factors included four aspects of land use, topography, human interference and ecological protection, and the weights of each resistance factor obtained with hierarchical analysis method were 0.387, 0.316, 0.109 and 0.188, respectively. Combined with ArcGIS weighting, the comprehensive ecological resistance value is obtained, and shows the characteristics of “high in the middle and low in the surrounding” in space.③Based on Linkage Mapper, 21 ecological corridors were identified, totaling 1223.72 km, with an ecological network structure index of α index 0.43, β index 1.62 and γ index 0.64, and 8 first-grade corridors with a force greater than 15 were screened by the gravity model. ④ 548 ecological pinch points with a total area of 2.7801 km^(2) and 473 ecological barrier points with a total area of 8.874 km^(2) were identified.