生态环境修复责任承担方式的司法实践样态及其创新转化

Judicial Practice Patterns of Liability Assumption for Ecosystem Restoration and Their Innovative Transformation

生态环境修复责任承担方式关系到环境资源审判的高质量发展,是有效落实修复法律责任、实现受损生态环境救济的有效途径。鉴于生态环境修复的困难性,传统单一的法律责任承担方式往往难以实现及时、充分、有效的救济,这就为生态环境修复责任承担方式的多元化拓展提供了空间。在我国司法实践中,各地法院通过司法能动性的发挥,创新性适用生态环境修复责任承担方式,从而不断为我国环境资源审判提供绿色裁判新样态。通过对相关立法实践与典型案例的分析,可以发现我国生态环境修复责任方式呈现出“修复优先”的理念趋向,环境司法实践借助行为责任承担方式的类型化区分与创新性转化,来确保生态环境修复责任的多元化适用。

The pattern of liability assumption for ecosystem restoration is related to the high-quality development of environmental resources trials,and is an effective way to implement the legal responsibility for restoration and achieve relief for damaged ecosystem.In view of the difficulties in ecosystem restoration,timely,adequate and effective remedies are often difficult to achieve with the traditional single legal liability assumption approach,which provides space for the diversified expansion of the way of assuming responsibility for ecosystem restoration.In China's judicial practice,courts in various regions have innovatively applied liability assumption for ecosystem restoration through the exercise of judicial initiative,thus continuously providing new patterns of green judgment for environmental and resource trials in China.Through the analysis of relevant legislative practices and typical cases,it can be found that the liability assumption for ecosystem restoration in China presents a trend of“restoration priority”.In environmental judicial practices,with the help of typological differentiation and innovative transformation in liability division,diversified application of ecosystem restoration liability assumption is ensured.