近20年中国旅游政策演进及内容特征研究

The evolution and content characteristics of China's tourism policy in the past two decades

旅游产业的发展离不开政策的引导,旅游政策解读是旅游发展过程中的关键步骤。在搭建“政策力度—政策关注要素—政策工具”三维分析框架的基础上,以1998—2021年中央单位发布的404份旅游政策为样本进行量化分析。研究发现:(1)中国旅游政策数量及政策力度总体上呈现先上升后下降的特点;(2)旅游政策关注的对象以文旅资源、旅行社及导游两大旅游活动要素为主;(3)旅游政策工具呈现明显的多样化使用趋势,总体上以环境型为主,供给型为辅。最后,根据研究结果提出中国旅游政策发展的建议。

The development of the tourism industry is closely linked to industrial policy guidance.Accurately interpreting tourism policy is crucial for tourism development.This paper examined the tourism policies issued by the central government in China from 1998 to 2021 and constructed an analysis framework consisting of three dimensions:policy effectiveness,policy concerns,and policy tools.The framework was used to quantitatively analyze the distribution of government attention and the use of policy tools.The study revealed the following findings:①Over the past two decades,the number and effectiveness of China′s tourism policies had generally increased and then declined,with the effectiveness of the annual unit policy showing a decreasing trend.②The policies mainly focued on the two main elements of tourism activities,namely travel agencies and tour guides,as well as cultural tourism resources.③Tourism policy tools show a clear trend of diversified use,with the environment type being the mainstay and the supply type being supplementary.Based on the research results,thispaper proposes relevant suggestions for the future formulation of China′s tourism policy.