换热管与管板自动焊接技术研究

Research on Automatic Welding Technology of Heat Exchanger Tube and Tube-sheet

热交换设备中换热管与管板之间的焊缝质量是整台设备制造的关键技术,以往管与管板采用手工焊接,已不能满足产品大型化及技术升级要求,为升级产品技术,对重要的管与管板焊接技术开展自动焊研究。文章按ASME第Ⅷ-1卷规范要求,通过对操作者进行技能评定,资格授权等最终完成模拟试验件自动焊焊接。试验完成了对管板堆焊,管板及管孔加工,接头自动焊,无损检测及各种工装制作,最终经过管程压力试验,全部合格,无一处泄漏。试验过程对试样的制取,宏观金相检查,接头剪切载荷试验均严格按照ASME规范及工艺方案执行,检测结果符合设计及标准要求。实践证明采用自动焊焊接方法焊接该设备,管与管板接头质量是安全可靠的。

The welding between the heat exchange tube and the tube-sheet in the heat exchange equipment is the key technology of the whole equipment manufacturing.the traditional manual welding of tube and tube-sheet can not meet the requirements of large-scale products and technical upgrading.In order to upgrade the product technology,automatic welding of important tube and tube-sheet welding technology is carried out.According to the requirements of ASME Ⅷ-1 volume specification,the automatic welding of simulated test parts is completed by the operators skill assessment and qualification authorization.Tube sheet surfacing,tube sheet and tube hole processing,automatic welding of joints,nondestructive testing,making various tooling,finally compete the tube side pressure test.All qualified,no leakage,through the sample preparation,macroscopic metallographic examination,joint shear load test are strictly in accordance with ASME specification and process program implementation,testing results are in line with the design,standard requirement.It has been proved that the quality of pipe to tube-sheet joints welded by automatic welding is safe and reliable.