Mechanisms and Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating NF-κB in the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

中医药调控NF-κB治疗急性肺损伤,急性呼吸窘迫综合征机制及研究进展

Acute lung injury(ALI)has multiple causes and can easily progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)if not properly treated.Nuclear factorκB(NF-κB)is a key pathway in the treatment of ALI/ARDS.By exploring the relevance of NF-κB and the pathogenesis of this disease,it was found that this disease was mainly associated with inflammation,dysfunction of the endothelial barrier,oxidative stress,impaired clearance of alveolar fluid,and coagulation disorders.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has the characteristics of multitargeting,multipathway effects,and high safety,which can directly or indirectly affect the treatment of ALI/ARDS.This article summarizes the mechanism and treatment strategies of TCM in recent years through intervention in the NF-κB-related signaling pathways for treating ALI/ARDS.It provides an overview from the perspectives of Chinese herbal monomers,TCM couplet medicines,TCM injections,Chinese herbal compounds,and Chinese herbal preparations,offering insights into the prevention and treatment of ALI/ARDS with TCM.

急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)病因众多,且失治误治易发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)。核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)为治疗ALI/ARDS的一条关键通路。通过对NF-κB和该病发病机制的相关性进行探讨,发现该病主要与炎症反应、内皮屏障功能障碍、氧化应激、肺泡液清除受损、凝血功能障碍有关。中药具有多靶点、多途径、安全性高等特点,可直接或间接作用于ALI/ARDS的治疗。本文对近年来中医药通过干预NF-κB相关信号通路治疗ALI/ARDS的作用机制和治疗方案进行总结,从中药单体、中药药对、中药注射液、中药复方及制剂几个方面进行综述,为中医药防治ALI/ARDS提供思路。