肺表面活性药物联合高流量鼻导管湿化氧疗对机械通气撤机后肺炎合并呼吸衰竭新生儿呼吸功能及不良反应的影响

The Effect of Pulmonary Surfactant Drugs Combined with High-Flow Nasal Cannula Humidification Oxygen Therapy on Respiratory Function and Adverse Reactions in Newborns with Pneumonia and Respiratory Failure After Mechanical Ventilation Withdrawal

目的 分析肺表面活性药物联合高流量鼻导管湿化氧疗(high-flow nasal cannula, HFNC)对机械通气撤机后肺炎合并呼吸衰竭新生儿呼吸功能及不良反应的影响。方法 随机选取2021年1月—2023年12月连江县医院儿科收治的80例肺炎合并呼吸衰竭新生儿为研究对象,采用不同治疗方法分为两组,每组40例。对照组在机械通气撤机后实施肺表面活性药物治疗,研究组在对照组的基础之上加用HFNC治疗,分析两组患儿呼吸功能指数、血气指标、不良反应。结果 研究组治疗后氧合指数高于对照组,呼吸频率、通气量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组治疗后血气指标均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应总发生率为5.00%(2/40),低于对照组的25.00%(10/40),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.804,P=0.028)。结论 肺表面活性药物联合HFNC治疗对机械通气撤机后肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的新生儿具有改善呼吸功能,降低不良反应发生率的潜在益处。

Objective To analyze the effects of pulmonary surfactant drugs combined with high flow nasal cannula humidified oxygen therapy(HFNC)on respiratory function and adverse reactions in newborns with pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure after mechanical ventilation withdrawal.Methods A total of 80 neonates with pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure admitted to the Department of Pediatrics,Lianjiang County Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were randomly selected as the research objects.They were divided into two groups by different treatment methods,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with pulmonary surfactant drugs after weaning from mechanical ventilation,and the study group was treated with HFNC on the basis of the control group.The respiratory function index,blood gas index and adverse reactions of the two groups were analyzed.Results After treatment,the oxygenation index of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the respiratory rate and ventilation volume were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After treatment,the blood gas indexes of the study group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was 5.00% (2/40), which was lower than 25.00% (10/40) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ^(2)= 4.804, P=0.028). Conclusion The combination of pulmonary surfactant drugs and HFNC therapy has potential benefits in improving respiratory function and reducing the incidence of adverse reactions in newborns with pneumonia and re spiratory failure after mechanical ventilation withdrawal.