自然杀伤(NK)细胞与2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)发生发展的研究进展

Research progress of natural killer(NK)cells and the development of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)

自然杀伤(NK)细胞在清除病毒,执行免疫调节方面发挥着重要的作用,它通过分泌趋化因子以及与其他天然免疫细胞协同作用,被赋予天然免疫调节功能和获得性免疫反应。随着对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染的2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的研究深入,发现NK细胞在其中发挥着重要作用。SARS-CoV-2感染会影响NK细胞的分布和效应功能,NK细胞的免疫应答或可影响新冠肺炎患者的预后。本文总结了近年来NK细胞在COVID-19感染中作用的研究现状,并且讨论了以NK细胞作为治疗剂的可能性,以期为防治SARS-CoV-2的免疫损害提供潜在思路。

Natural killer(NK)cells play an important role in clearing viruses and performing immunomodulation,and they possess innate immunomodulatory functions and acquired immune responses through secreting chemokines and acting in synergy with other natural immune cells.With in-depth studies of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,NK cells have been identified as playing an important role.SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the distribution and effector function of NK cells,and the immune response of NK cells may influence the prognosis of patients with COVID-19.This review summarizes the latest research on the role of NK cells in COVID-19 infection,and discusses their potential as therapeutic agents,aiming to provide insights into the prevention of immune damage caused by SARS-CoV-2.