煤矿复杂地层TBM掘进巷道新型装配式支护结构工程实践

New prefabricated support structure for TBM tunneling in complex strata of coal mines:engineering practice

TBM(Tunnel Boring Machine)全断面掘进机已在煤矿深井巷道掘进工程中成功应用,取得了显著的社会经济效益。但仍存在影响其进一步推广应用的技术瓶颈。针对当前支护结构与支护技术难以同时满足支护效率、支护强度和施工成本方面的要求,TBM难以充分发挥其速度优势的技术瓶颈,研究团队研发了新型钢管片型装配式支护结构。开展了新型装配式支护结构大比尺模型试验,获得新型支护结构在受载条件下变形破坏规律,根据试验结果优化新型支护结构型式。基于新型钢管片支护下TBM掘进巷道数值模拟评估新型支护结构可靠性。最后开展工业性试验,现场验证新型钢管片式支护结构用于煤矿TBM掘进巷道的可行性。试验结果表明,巷道围岩最大拉应变为803×10-6,钢管片支护结构变形量小于1 mm。新型支护结构安装速度快,可在90 min内掘进1.5 m并完成一环管片的安装工作,显著提高了TBM掘进巷道的支护强度和TBM掘进作业线的地层适应性。为未来进一步提高煤矿巷道掘进速度、保障煤矿采掘接替提供技术参考。

Tunnel Boring Machines(TBMs)have been successfully applied in the excavation of deep shaft roadways in coal mines,yielding substantial socio-economic benefits.However,technical bottlenecks remain that hinder their further promotion and application.In response to the challenge of current support structures and techniques failing to simultaneously meet the requirements of support efficiency,strength,and construction costs,which impedes the full utilization of TBM speed advantages,a research team has developed a novel steel pipe segment assembly support structure.Large-scale model tests of the new prefabricated support structure were conducted to ascertain the deformation and failure patterns under loaded conditions,and the support structure was optimized based on the test results.Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate the reliability of the new support structure under TBM tunneling conditions.Industrial trials were subsequently conducted to field-test the feasibility of the new steel pipe segment support structure for TBM-excavated roadways in coal mines.The test results indicate that the maximum tensile strain of the surrounding rock is 803με,and the deformation of the steel pipe support structure is less than 1 mm.The new support structure can be installed quickly,with the installation of one ring of segments(1.5m)completed within 90 minutes,significantly enhancing the support strength in TBM-excavated roadways and the adaptability to strata conditions.This research provides a technical reference for further increasing the tunneling speed of coal mine roadways and ensuring the continuity of coal mining operations.