NT-proBNP与急进高原人群心肺适能的相关性分析

Correlation between the level of NT-proBNP and cardiorespiratory fitness of individuals following acute high altitude exposure

目的 探讨低海拔基线血清氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平与急进高原后心肺适能的相关性。方法2022年6月于陆军军医大学第二附属医院招募受试者46人,其中男19人,女27人。所有受试者在低海拔地区(海拔300 m)完成心肺运动功能试验(CPET)、血清学心肌细胞相关标志物和多种代谢物检测后,乘坐飞机到达高原(海拔3900 m)。在进驻高原后的第2、3天,分别再次完成生物标志物检测和CPET。比较受试者急进高原前后血清生物标志物和CPET关键指标的变化情况,分析血清中多种心肌细胞相关标志物和代谢物水平与高原心肺适能的相关性。结果 与低海拔地区相比,急进高原后最大摄氧量下降[(25.41±6.20) ml/(kg.min) vs.(30.17±5.01) ml/(kg.min),P<0.001],血清NTproBNP、肾上腺素(E)、肾素(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)和瘦素(LEP)水平明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白(Myo)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相关分析结果显示,低海拔NT-proBNP(r=-0.768,P<0.001)和高原NT-proBNP(r=-0.791,P<0.001)分别与高原的最大摄氧量呈明显负相关;多元线性回归分析显示,低海拔最大摄氧量(t=2.069,P=0.045)、低海拔NTproBNP(t=-2.436,P=0.020)和高原NT-proBNP(t=-3.578,P=0.001)是高原心肺适能的独立影响因素。结论 急进高原后心肺适能明显降低,低海拔基线NT-proBNP水平与急进高原后心肺适能密切相关,是高原心肺适能的潜在预测指标。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the level of N-terminal pro-Brain natriuretic peptide(NTproBNP) and cardiorespiratory fitness following acute exposure to high altitude.Methods Forty-six subjects were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University in June 2022,including 19 males and 27 females.After completing cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPET),serological detection of myocardial cell-related markers,and multiple metabolites at a plain altitude(300 meters above sea level),all subjects flew to a high-altitude location(3900 meters above sea level).Biomarker testing and CPET were repeated on the second and third days after arrival at high altitude.Changes in serum biomarker and key CPET indicators before and after rapid ascent to high altitude were compared,and the correlation between serum levels of various myocardial cellrelated markers and metabolites and high altitude cardiorespiratory fitness was analyzed.Results Compared with the plain altitude,there was a significant decrease in maximal oxygen uptake after rapid ascent to high altitude [(25.41±6.20) ml/(kg.min) vs.(30.17±5.01) ml/(kg.min),P<0.001].Serum levels of NT-proBNP,Epinephrine(E),plasma renin activity(PRA),angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) and leptin(LEP) significantly increased,with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05) after acute high altitude exposure.In contrast,no statistically significant differences were observed for creatine kinase MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),myoglobin(Myo) and norepinephrine(NE)(P>0.05).Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between NT-proBNP at plain altitude(r=-0.768,P<0.001) and at high altitude(r=-0.791,P<0.001)with maximal oxygen uptake at high altitude.Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that maximal oxygen uptake at plain altitude(t=2.069,P=0.045),NT-proBNP at plain altitude(t=-2.436,P=0.020) and at high altitude(t=-3.578,P=0.001) were independent influencing factors of cardiorespiratory fitness at high altitude.Conclusion Cardiorespiratory fitness significantly decreases after rapid ascent to high altitude,and the baseline NT-proBNP level at plain altitude is closely related to cardiorespiratory fitness at high altitude,making it a potential predictor indicator for high altitude cardiorespiratory fitness.