微生物菌肥与复合肥配施对高山辣椒生长及土壤养分的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Microbial Fertilizer and Compound Fertilizer on Growth and Soil Nutrients of Pepper in Mountain Region

以辣椒为试材,采用田间试验,研究了微生物菌肥与复合肥配施对高山辣椒生长、营养元素含量、品质及土壤养分的影响,以期为高山地区辣椒生产中微生物菌肥的合理使用提供参考依据。结果表明:与单施复合肥相比,25%微生物菌肥配施复合肥处理下辣椒产量显著增产24.83%(P<0.05),辣椒果实全钾含量显著提高了18.07%(P<0.05),全氮、全磷含量提高了12.50%、8.17%,但差异不显著,同时提高了天然辣椒素、二氢辣椒素含量、辣椒素类物质总量、硝酸盐含量、维生素C含量,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别提高了3.78%、14.37%、15.61%,有机质含量降低了5.85%。相比于单施复合肥,50%微生物菌肥配施复合肥增产11.84%,但差异不显著,同时提高了硝酸盐和维生素C含量,但降低了辣椒果实全氮、全磷和辣椒素类含量。单施微生物菌肥处理比单施复合肥减产1.46%,而硝酸盐、维生素C含量在各处理中均为最高。综上,25%微生物菌肥配施复合肥处理对辣椒产量、品质、土壤养分的促进作用最优,因此,在高山地区辣椒种植中可采用25%替代比例的微生物菌肥与复合肥配施。

Taking peppers as the test material,the effects of combined application of microbial fertilizer and compound fertilizer on the growth,nutrients content,quality and soil nutrients of pepper in mountain region were studied by field experiment,in order to provide reference for the rational use of microbial fertilizer in pepper production in high mountain areas.The results showed that compared with single application of compound fertilizer,the yield and total potassium content of pepper fruit under the treatment of 25%microbial fertilizer combined with compound fertilizer were significantly increased by 24.83%and 18.07%(P<0.05),respectively,and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus were increased by 12.50%and 8.17%,which the difference was not significant.In addition,the contents of natural capsaicin,dihydrocapsaicin,total capsaicinoids,nitrate and vitamin C of pepper fruits were increased,while alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium of soil were increased by 3.78%,14.37%,and 15.61%,respectively,and organic matter content was reduced by 5.85%.Compared with single application of compound fertilizer,the yield of the treatment of 50%microbial fertilizer combined with compound fertilizer was increased by 11.84%which the difference was not significant(P<0.05),meanwhile,the contents of nitrate and vitamin C were increased,but the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and capsaicin compounds of pepper fruit were decreased.Compared with single application of compound fertilizer,the yield of single application of microbial fertilizer was reduced by 1.46%,while the contents of nitrate and vitamin C were the highest among different treatments.In conclusion,the treatment of 25%microbial fertilizer combined with compound fertilizer has the best effect on promotion of pepper yield,quality and soil nutrients.Therefore,25%replacement ratio of microbial fertilizer with compound fertilizer could be used in pepper cultivation in high mountain region.