基于芦苇生长过程中水位和盐度约束条件的博斯腾湖生态水位

Ecological Water Level of Bosten Lake Based on Water Level and Salinity Constraints during Reed(Phragmites Australis)Growth Process

受气候变化和人类活动的双重影响,近年来博斯腾湖水位波动较大,对博斯腾湖芦苇生长及芦苇资源造成显著影响。基于博斯腾湖长序列水文水环境历史数据和遥感数据,分析水位—盐度—芦苇面积之间的关系;结合芦苇生长状况,量化了芦苇不同生长阶段的适宜水位、盐度阈值区间。结果显示:芦苇萌芽期最适宜水深为0 m,盐度非约束条件;芦苇生长期和抽穗期适宜水深为0.3~0.6 m,适宜盐度为1.39~1.52 g/L。综合芦苇不同生长阶段水位及盐度阈值,提出了基于芦苇生长对水位和盐度条件需求的博斯腾湖生态水位:5—6月份为1 046.0~1 046.3 m,7—10月份为1 046.5~1 046.8 m。研究对于保障博斯腾湖芦苇生态功能及经济效益具有重要意义,可为干旱地区水资源高效利用提供科学参考。

Recently,with the dual impact of climate change and human activities,the water level of Bosten Lake has fluctuated significantly,which has significantly affected the reeds growth as well as the reed resources in Bosten Lake.Based on a long-term series of historical hydrological and environmental data and remote sensing data of Bosten Lake,the relationship between water level,salinity,and reed area was analysed,and suitable water levels and salinity threshold ranges for different stages of reed growth were quantified.The results showed that during the reed germination period,the optimal water depth was 0 m,and there was no salinity limitation,while during the reed growth and flowering stages,the suitable water depth was 0.3~0.6 m,with an ideal salinity range of 1.39~1.52 g/L.Taking into account the overall water level and salinity requirements for reed growth,an ecological water level of the Bosten Lake was proposed based on the reed growth cycle:from 1046.0 to 1046.3 m between May and June,and from 1046.5 to 1046.8 m between July and October.This study should be of great value for ensuring the ecological function and economic benefits of reeds in Bosten Lake,and the results can provided scientific reference for the efficient utilization of water resources in arid regions.