Exploring biomedical applications with silver and copper nanotechnology

The overuse and misuse of antibiotics has accelerated the emergence of bacterial resistance,making the treatment of common infections increasingly difficult and challenging.This has led to a rise in infection rates,worsened patient outcomes,and heightened mortality risks.In response,researchers have been exploring new antimicrobial strategies,with metal nanomaterials of controllable shape and size gaining significant attention for their unique antibacterial properties.Among these,silver(Ag)and copper(Cu)nanomaterials(NMs)stand out for their wide applications in biomedical materials due to their effective antimicrobial mecha-nisms when used as drugs.Ag and Cu NMs,exemplifying metal biomaterials,showcase broad-spectrum antibacterial capabilities,durable antimicrobial effects,low toxicity,and reduced likelihood of developing drug resistance.Moreover,they are known to promote angiogenesis,making them exceptionally suitable for biomaterial applications.This review underscores the significance of Ag and Cu NMs in the biomedical sector,detailing their applications and the promising role they play as medical materials.Our aim is to encourage further exploration and utilization of Ag and Cu NMs in biomaterials and industrial production sectors.