基于R语言的BLUP值在大果花生品种分析中的应用

Application of BLUP Value Based on R Language in the Analysis of Large Pod Peanut Varieties

【目的】基于BLUP值—分析剔除环境效益后的不同农艺性状对产量的影响,为快速精准选育和推广河南省麦套大果高产花生品种提供理论依据。【方法】以2018年河南省联合体麦套组大果花生的多点区域试验数据为基础,对产量及其相关的10个农艺性状采用最佳线性无偏估计(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)法估算BLUP值,以BLUP值为基础进行遗传力和遗传变异性、相关性、通径和主成分分析。【结果】遗传力分析表明,百仁重、百果重、出仁率和第一侧枝长的遗传力较高,单株果重、单株果数、结果枝数和生育期的遗传力较低;遗传变异分析显示,变异系数范围生育期最小,百果重和第一侧枝长最大;相关性分析表明,与产量相关性较大的性状为百果重、百仁重、单株果重和出仁率(P>0.05);通径分析显示,百果重与产量的直接通径系数最大,为1.38,其次为百仁重和出仁率,分别为0.97、0.65;主成分分析显示,11个性状可提取出4个主成分因子,分别与荚果产量、株型、百果重、结果枝数相关,遗传贡献率分别为34.80%、24.02%、14.35%和9.76%,累计达82.93%。【结论】河南省麦套大果花生选育过程中,可在早期世代选择百仁重、百果重、出仁率和第一侧枝长,高世代选择单株果重、单株果数、结果枝数和生育期;注重出仁率、单株果重、百仁重性状的选择可提高选育效率。豫花102号、漯花15号、商花22号、商花34号和豫花120号具有较好的产量、株型、百果重和结果枝数因子,适宜在河南省麦套大果花生生产区推广种植。

【Objective】The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of different agronomic traits on yield after excluding environmental effects,based on Best Linear Unbiased Prediction(BLUP)val⁃ues,to provide a theoretical foundation for the rapid and accurate breeding and promotion of highyielding peanut varieties intercropped with wheat in Henan Province.【Method】The method involved us⁃ing multi-point regional trial data from the 2018 Henan Province wheat intercropping group of largepodded peanuts to estimate the BLUP values for yield and its related 10 agronomic traits.Based on the BLUP values,heritability,genetic variation,correlation,path,and principal component analyses were conducted.【Result】The results showed that the heritability of 100-kernel weight,100-pod weight,kernel emergence rate,and first lateral branch length was higher,while the heritability of single-plant pod weight,single-plant pod number,number of fruiting branches,and growth period was lower.Genetic variation analysis indicated that the range of coefficient of variation was smallest during the growth period,with the highest pod weight and first lateral branch length.Correlation analysis revealed that traits highly correlated with yield were 100-pod weight,100-kernel weight,single-plant pod weight,and kernel emergence rate(P>0.05).Path analysis indicated that the direct path coefficient between 100-pod weight and yield was the highest,at 1.38,followed by 100-kernel weight and kernel yield,at 0.97 and 0.65,respectively.Principal component analysis showed that four principal component factors could be extracted from 11 agro⁃nomic traits,which were correlated with pod yield,plant type,100-pod weight,and number of fruiting branches.The genetic contribution rates were 34.80%,24.02%,14.35%and 9.76%,re⁃spectively,with a cumulative contribution of 82.93%.【Conclusion】In conclusion,in the breeding process of wheat intercropped large-podded peanuts in Henan Province,early generations can select for 100-kernel weight,100-pod weight,kernel emergence rate,and first lateral branch length,while later generations can select for single-plant pod weight,single-plant pod number,number of fruiting branches,and growth period.Emphasizing the selection of traits such as kernel yield,single-plant pod weight,and 100-kernel weight can improve breeding efficiency.Varieties Yuhua 102,Luohua 15,Shan⁃ghua 22,Shanghua 34 and Yuhua 120 have good yield,plant type,100-pod weight,and number of fruiting branches,making them suitable for promotion and cultivation in the wheat intercropped peanut production areas of Henan Province.