不同生物反应堆对设施黄瓜根际土壤细菌群落结构多样性的影响

Effects of Different Reactors on Structure Diversity of Bacterial Communities in the Rhizosphere Soil of Facility Cucumber

研究不同生物反应堆处理对设施黄瓜根际土壤细菌群落结构及多样性的影响,旨在为黄瓜根际土壤改良和设施土壤可持续利用提供理论依据和现实基础。以16S rRNA基因V3-V4区为基础,设置原始温室土壤(CK),未经处理的黄瓜根际土壤100(CK1),200 d(CK2),玉米秸秆生物反应堆处理100(S1),200 d(S2)的根际土壤,羊粪生物反应堆处理100(M1),200 d(M2)的根际土壤7个处理,使用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术对不同生物反应堆处理下的设施黄瓜进行根际土壤细菌群落多样性、结构、理化性质分析。结果表明,土壤样品经测序后共得到6344个OTUs,主要隶属于39门315目980属;M2处理可提高黄瓜根际土壤细菌丰富度,并显著增加细菌群落多样性。在门水平上,玉米秸秆生物反应堆处理和羊粪生物反应堆处理土壤细菌门水平优势种群结构相似,其中放线菌门和变形菌门是优势菌门;在属水平上,norank_f_JG30-KF-CM、节杆菌属、norank_f_norank_o_Gaiellales、norank_f_67-14、芽球菌属、Gaiella、火山岩海球菌属(Marmoricola)在不同处理之间有显著差异;从细菌群落丰度组成情况来看,M2处理和S2处理在一定程度上提高了黄瓜根际部分有益细菌类群相对丰度;RDA分析表明,土壤细菌群落受土壤环境因子的影响显著,铵态氮含量(P=0.015)、全钾含量(P=0.002)、速效钾含量(P=0.005)对细菌群落影响显著。因此,M2处理可提高设施黄瓜根际土壤细菌丰富度、增加细菌群落多样性、改变细菌群落结构,有利于设施黄瓜根际土壤的改良。

This study revealed the changes of bacterial community structure and diversity in facility cucumber rhizosphere soil affected by different reactors,aiming at providing theoretical basis and practical basis for cucumber rhizosphere soil improvement and sustainable utilization of protected soil.This experiment was based on the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene,seven treatments namely,original greenhouse soil(CK),untreated cucumber rhizosphere soil for 100 days(CK1)and 200 days(CK2),corn straw bioreactor-treated cucumber rhizosphere soil for 100 days(S1)and 200 days(S2),and sheep manure bioreactor-treated cucumber rhizosphere soil for 100 days(M1)and 200 days(M2).High-throughput sequencing technology using Illumina Miseq was used to analyze the diversity,structure,and physical and chemical properties of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils of different bioreactor treatments on facility cucumber.The results showed that 6344 OTUs were obtained from soil samples after sequencing,which mainly belonged to 39 phyla,315 orders and 980 genera.M2 treatment could improve the bacterial richness in cucumber rhizosphere soil and significantly increase the diversity of bacterial community.At the phylum level,the dominant population structure of bacterial phylum in soil treated by corn straw bioreactor and sheep manure bioreactor was similar,among which Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were the dominant phylum.At the genus level,norank_f_JG30-KF-CM,Arthrobacter,norank_f_norank_o_Gaiellales,norank_f_67-14,Blastococcus,Gaiella and Marmoricola were significantly different among different treatments.According to the composition of bacterial community abundance,M2 and S2 treatments increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacterial groups in cucumber rhizosphere to some extent.RDA analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was significantly affected by soil environmental factors,and the contents of ammonium nitrogen(P=0.015),total potassium(P=0.002)and available potassium(P=0.005)had significant effects on the bacterial community.Therefore,M2 treatment can improve the bacterial richness in facility cucumber rhizosphere soil,increase the diversity of bacterial community and change the bacterial community structure,which is beneficial to the improvement of facility cucumber rhizosphere soil.