免疫荧光检测石蜡切片IgA蛋白在诊断疱疹样皮炎和线状IgA大疱性皮病的应用评价

Assessment of IgA protein in paraffin sections by immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis and linear IgA bullous dermatitis

目的:评价直接免疫荧光染色检测石蜡切片IgA抗体对于诊断疱疹样皮炎(DH)和线状IgA大疱性皮病(LABD)的应用价值。方法:选取2019-2024年我院病理诊断的DH和LABD病例,入选实验组病例DH 46例,LABD 32例。采用FITC荧光标记兔抗人IgA抗体进行直接免疫荧光染色检测。结果:46例DH石蜡切片中,40例IgA在真皮乳头为阳性,阳性率86.96%。32例LABD石蜡切片中,20例IgA在表皮基底膜线状沉积为阳性,阳性率62.50%。结论:直接免疫荧光染色检测石蜡切片IgA可以作为辅助诊断DH和LABD的有效方法。

Objective:To evaluate the application value of direct immunofluorescence staining for detecting IgA antibodies in paraffin sections in the diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis(DH)and linear IgA bullous dermatosis(LABD).Methods:DH and LABD cases diagnosed pathologically in our hospital from 2019 to 2024 were selected,including 46 cases of DH and 32 cases of LABD.Direct immunofluorescence staining was performed using FITC-labeled rabbit anti-human IgA antibody.Results:Among the 46 paraffin sections of DH patients,IgA was positively deposited in the dermal papillae in 40 of them,with a positivity rate of 86.96%.Among the 32 paraffin sections of LABD patients,IgA was positively deposited linearly in the epidermal basement membrane in 20 of them,with a positivity rate of 62.50%.Conclusion:Direct immunofluorescence staining for detecting IgA in paraffin sections can be used as an effective method for assisting in the diagnosis of DH and LABD.