三维水沙模型在航道减淤措施中的应用

Application of three-dimensional hydro-sediment models in navigation channel siltation reduction measures

山东滨州港港区于2015年11月经历一次大风骤淤过程,造成原有3万t级航道严重淤积,建设和发展滨州港,航道的骤淤治理是关键。基于三维潮流泥沙模型FVCOM及波浪模型SWAN,考虑水动力和泥沙间的相互作用,建立了基于新型三维辐射应力的三维水沙模型,依据2014年全潮水文观测资料对此三维水沙模型进行潮流场、波浪场及悬沙场的模拟和分析,验证了模型的可靠性,并计算了大风条件下现状航道淤积量和延长出水堤堤头位置至7.5 m方案和9.0 m方案的淤积量,分析了导致航道淤积的原因。模拟结果的对比论证表明,出水堤延伸越远,航道减淤量越大,但出水堤继续延伸后单宽减淤量会逐渐降低。本研究可为航道淤积治理及减淤措施设计等提供参考。

In November 2015,the port area of Binzhou Harbor in Shandong Province experienced a sudden siltation process due to strong winds,leading to severe siltation in the existing 30,000-ton navigation channel.The construction and development of Binzhou Harbor,and the swift siltation management of navigation channels are critical.Based on the three-dimensional tidal current and sediment model FVCOM and the wave model SWAN,considering the interaction between hydrodynamics and sediment,a new three-dimensional hydro-sediment model based on novel three-dimensional radiation stress was established.This model was validated through the simulation and analysis of tidal current fields,wave fields,and suspended sediment fields based on full-tide hydrological observation data from 2014.Furthermore,the siltation volume under strong wind conditions for the current navigation channel,and for extensions of the outfall dyke head to 7.5 m and 9.0 m scenarios were calculated,analyzing the reasons behind channel siltation.Comparative results of the simulations demonstrate that the further the extension of the outfall dyke,the greater the reduction in channel siltation,but the per-width reduction in siltation will gradually decrease with continued extension.This study provides a reference for navigation channel siltation control and siltation reduction measures.