137例不同垂直骨面型成年女性患者正畸治疗前后面部变化的软组织三维研究

Soft tissue 3D study of facial changes in 137 adult female patients with different vertical bone facial types before and after orthodontic treatment

目的探讨不同垂直骨面型患者在正畸治疗后面部软组织变化差异。方法选取137例18~30岁女性Ⅱ类错牙合畸形患者,使用其面部软组织三维模型资料进行回顾性分析,依据下颌平面角(FH-MP)角度分为高角组、均角组、低角组。在矫治前(T0)以及矫治中第6个月(T1)、治疗后(T2)采用EinScan Pro 2X 2020手持高精度三维扫描仪捕捉患者面部软组织图像。使用逆向工程软件Geomagic Wrap 2021对患者面像进行重叠,应用SPSS 26.0统计软件对组内及组间差异进行统计分析。结果正畸治疗前后,高角组面部整体变化量平均为(-3.25±0.22)mm,均角组平均为(-3.28±0.30)mm,低角组平均为(-3.69±0.36)mm,低角组相较于另外两组下降更多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低角组患者的下颌角区、颞区下降最多,分别为(-2.78±0.18)mm、(-2.27±0.35)mm,相较于另外两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他分区各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论三组患者面部整体及各面部分区均发生一定负向变化,但低角组在下颌角区、颞肌区较其他两组塌陷更为明显。

Objective To investigate the difference of facial soft tissue changes in patients with different vertical bone facial types after orthodontic treatment.Methods A total of 137 female patients with classⅡmalocclusion aged 18 to 30 years old were selected for retrospective analysis using facial soft tissue 3D model data.According to the mandibular plane angle(FH-MP)angle,they were divided into high angle group,average angle group and low angle group.The EinScan Pro 2X 2020 handheld high-precision 3D scanner was used to capture facial soft tissue images of patients before treatment(T0)and at 6 months during treatment(T1)and after treatment(T2).The patients′facial images were overlapped using reverse engineering software Geomagic Wrap 2021,and the differences within and between groups were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software.Results Before and after orthodontic treatment,the average overall facial changes in the high angle group were(-3.25±0.22)mm,in the average angle group was(-3.28±0.30)mm,and in the average low angle group was(-3.69±0.36)mm.Compared with the other two groups,the changes in the low angle group decreased more,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The mandibular angle area and temporal area decreased the most in the low angle group,which were(-2.78±0.18)mm and(-2.27±0.35)mm,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the other two groups(P<0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference among the other groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The whole face and all facial regions of the three groups had some negative changes,but the collapse in the mandibular angle area and the temporal muscle area of the low angle group was more obvious than that of the other two groups.