女性流浪精神障碍患者的临床特征及社会功能现状

Clinical characteristics and social function status of female vagrant patients with mental disorder

目的分析女性流浪精神障碍患者的临床特征和社会功能现状。方法选取东莞市第七人民医院2022年6月至2023年5月收治的65例女性流浪精神障碍患者为调查对象,以同期60例普通女性精神障碍患者为对照,根据医院病历系统调查患者一般情况(年龄、精神障碍诊断类型、其他躯体疾病诊断、危险性评估等级),分别采用简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、躯体生活自理量表(PSMS)、性自我防卫能力评定量表(CSSD)、住院精神病人社会功能评定量表(SSPI)评估和调查患者的病情严重程度、生活自理能力、性自我防卫能力、社会功能情况,并评估患者治疗过程的依从性。结果女性流浪精神障碍患者年龄主要分布在21~40岁,精神障碍类型以精神分裂症以及精神发育迟滞为主;入院时多伴营养不良、外伤、传染性疾病等躯体疾病;流浪组的女性精神障碍患者治疗过程依从率低于非流浪组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);流浪组患者的BPRS总分显著高于非流浪组,PSMS总分、CSSD总分以及SSPI各因子评分均低于非流浪组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论女性流浪精神障碍患者入院时病情相对严重,躯体症状复杂,自理能力、性自我防卫能力、治疗依从性以及社会功能差,整体治疗困难,需要重点关注该类患者,采取相应的干预措施,促进患者康复。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and social function status of female vagrant patients with mental disorder.Methods A total of 65 female vagrant patients with mental disorder admitted to the Dongguan Seventh People’s Hospital from June 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the survey subjects,and 60 ordinary female patients with mental disorders during the same period were taken as the control.According to the hospital’s medical record system,the general situation of patients(age,diagnosis type of mental disorders,diagnosis of other physical diseases,risk assessment level)was investigated.The brief psychiatric rating scale(BPRS),physical self maintenance scale(PSMS),capacity of sexual self-defense(CSSD),and scale of social function in psychosis inpatients(SSPI)were used to evaluate and investigate the severity of the patient’s condition,self-maintenance ability,capacity of sexual self-defense,and social function status,and to evaluate the compliance of patients in the treatment process.Results The age of female vagrants with mental disorders was mainly from 21 to 40 years old,and the main types of mental disorders were schizophrenia and mental retardation.When admitted to the hospital,they were often accompanied by physical diseases such as malnutrition,trauma and infectious diseases.The compliance rate of female patients with mental disorders in vagrant group was lower than that in non-vagrant group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The total score of BPRS in vagrant group was significantly higher than that in non-vagrant group,and the total score of PSMS,CSSD and SSPI were lower than those in non-vagrant group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Female vagrant patients with mental disorders are relatively serious when they are admitted to hospital,with complex physical symptoms,poor self-maintenance ability,sexual self-defense,treatment compliance and social function,and the overall treatment is difficult.It is necessary to focus on such patients and take corresponding intervention measures to promote their rehabilitation.