基于蜉蝣算法的负荷传感器优化机理研究

Research on load sensor optimization mechanism based on MOA

弹性体是负荷式传感器的核心部件,对其合理的设计是确保传感器性能优异的关键。为了研究负荷式传感器弹性体优化机理,首先,运用有限元法(FEM)分析不同结构参数对传感器灵敏度的影响,并用最小二乘法(LSM)将分析数据进行拟合,得到灵敏度和结构参数的数学模型;其次,将弹性体许用应力和尺寸范围作为约束条件,运用惩罚函数(SUMT)法,将约束条件融合到数学模型中,得到具有约束限制的数学模型;最后,用蜉蝣优化算法(MOA)对模型函数进行寻优,确定了弹性体最佳结构。将本文方法优化后的结果与FEM的优化结果进行对比,发现应用该方法优化后的弹性体灵敏度比FEM优化的灵敏度高6.83%,具有较高的应用价值。

Elastomer is core component of load sensor.Reasonable design of elastomer is the key to ensuring excellent performance of sensor.In order to research on optimization mechanism of elastomer of load sensor,firstly,the finite element method(FEM)is applied to analyze on influence of different structure parameters on the sensor sensitivity,and by using least squares method(LSM),analyzed data are fitted,mathematical models for sensitivity and structural parameters are obtained.Secondly,the allowable stress and size range of the elastomer are taken as constraint conditions.The constraint conditions are fused into the mathematical model by the penalty function sequential unconstrained minimization technique(SUMT)method,the mathematical model with constraint limitation is obtained.Finally,the model function is optimized by using the Mayfly optimization algorithm(MOA).The elastomer optimal structure is determined.Compared with the result of FEM,the elastomer sensitivity which obtained by the proposed method is 6.83%higher than that obtained by FEM.It is proved that the the proposed method has high application value.