非粮油料植物黑莎草的理化性能及其转化为生物柴油的工艺研究

Study on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Non-grain Oil Plants Gahnia Tristis and Its Conversion into Biodiesel

为拓宽生物柴油产业发展的原料来源,首先对黑莎草种子油进行理化性质测定,以评价其作为生物柴油非粮油料的可行性,再进一步优化其转化为生物柴油的工艺,以提高生物柴油的转化率。结果发现:黑莎草种子的含油量为20.16%,种子原油酸值为2.26 mg KOH/g,碘值为123.16 mg I2/100 g,皂化值为175.75 mg KOH/g,相对分子质量为971.20。由此可见,黑莎草种子原油各项物理指标均符合生物柴油对原料的要求,可以将黑莎草作为一种制备生物柴油的潜在原料来源进行开发研究。且进一步确定黑莎草种子原油转化为生物柴油的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度65℃,醇油物质的量比6∶1,反应时间60 min,催化剂用量1%(质量分数),在此条件下,黑莎草种子原油制备生物柴油的转化率可达98.50%。

In order to broaden the source of raw materials for the development of biodiesel industry,firstly,the physical and chemical properties of Gahnia tristis seed oil were measured to evaluate its feasibility as a non-grain oil feed for biodiesel,and then the process of converting it into biodiesel was further optimized to increase the conversion yield of biodiesel.The results showed that the oil content of Gahnia tristis seeds was 20.16%,the acid value of crude oil was 2.26 mg KOH/g,the iodine value of crude oil was 123.16 mg I 2/100 g,the saponification value of crude oil was 175.75 mg KOH/g,and the molecular weight of crude oil was 971.20.It can be seen that the physical indexes of Gahnia tristis crude oil meet the requirements of biodiesel for raw materials,and can be used as a potential raw material source for biodiesel preparation.The optimal reaction conditions for converting Gahnia tristis seed crude oil into biodiesel were further determined to be:reaction temperature 65℃,methanol/oil molar ratio 6∶1,reaction time 60 min,and catalyst dosage 1%.Under these conditions,the conversion rate of Gahnia tristis seed crude oil to biodiesel can reach 98.50%.