声誉损失、违约罚金与制造企业间低碳创新网络治理:基于演化博弈模型

Reputation loss,liquidated penalties and low-carbon innovation network governance among manufacturing enterprises:Based on an evolutionary game model

针对当前我国企业间“低碳创新,协同发展”所面临的激励低效问题,基于声誉损失与违约罚金视角,构建制造企业间的低碳创新合作演化博弈模型,仿真分析在声誉损失机制和违约罚金机制作用下合作主体行为策略的演变规律。仿真结果表明:(1)当未设置违约罚金或声誉损失较小时将不利于低碳创新网络的长久发展,创新主体双方均会出现机会主义从而选择终止合作关系;(2)“强声誉机制”可以使低碳创新网络更稳定,声誉损失治理机制对制造企业的策略选择起到正向影响作用,制造企业的声誉损失越大,则其背叛成本也就越高;(3)适度的违约罚金机制能够加强创新主体间的协同绩效,而过高或过低的违约罚金均不利于低碳创新网络的长久发展。因此,该研究可以为制造企业间实现低碳创新合作建立声誉激励与违约罚金机制提供一定程度的理论依据。

Aiming at the complex problems faced by enterprises to carry out low-carbon innovation cooperation,this paper takes the low-carbon innovation network of manufacturing enterprise cooperation as the empirical analysis object,and comprehensively uses the network evolutionary game theory and numerical simulation tools based on bounded rationality to analyze the law of the evolution of the behavior of the cooperative subject under the action of the reputation loss mechanism and the fine mechanism.The research shows that the reputation loss mechanism in the low-carbon innovation network positively affects the behavior of manufacturing enterprises,which is conducive to maintaining cooperation,and with the increase of reputation loss,the betrayal behavior in the low-carbon innovation network decreases.Under the premise of the failure of the reputation loss mechanism,it is found that a moderate increase in the penalty for breach of contract can strengthen the cooperation of innovative entities,but when the penalty for breach of contract exceeds a certain threshold,it is not conducive to the establishment and maintenance of the cooperative relationship between the two parties.In order to maintain the stability of low-carbon innovation network,it is necessary to strengthen the importance of enterprise reputation and improve the information disclosure system,to set a moderate default penalty to raise the cost of default,to make multiple governance mechanisms work in concert to improve the governance system.