肢端无毛部位表皮囊肿临床病理特征分析

Clinical and pathological characteristics of epidermal cysts in hairless extremities

目的 探讨肢端无毛部位表皮囊肿的特点。方法 收集3例肢端无毛部位表皮囊肿患者的临床资料,对其临床及病理特点进行总结分析。结果 3例患者发病时间4个月至1年。1例患者皮损位于右手第2指掌侧,局部有外伤史;2例皮损均位于足底部侧缘,均无外伤史。皮损组织病理检查均显示囊壁由复层鳞状上皮构成,可见颗粒层,囊腔内充填角质物质,符合典型表皮囊肿的组织病理学改变,且与有毛部位的表皮囊肿组织病理特点相同。采用手术全切除囊肿,随访半年后无复发。结论 肢端无毛部位的表皮囊肿发病时间较短,表面未见开口,无自发性破溃及豆渣样物排出。病理改变与有毛部位的表皮囊肿相同。治疗首选手术完整切除。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of epidermal cysts in hairless extremities.Methods The clinical data of 3 cases of epidermal cysts were collected,and their clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed.Results Disease duration ranged from 4 months to 1 year.Patient 1 had a lesion on the palmar side of the second finger of the right hand after a trauma.Patients 2 and 3 had lesion on the sole and lateral side of the foot,respectively,with no history of trauma.Histopathological examination showed that the cyst walls were composed of multiple lamellar squamous epithelium and granular layers,and the cyst cavity was filled with keratin,consistent with the histopathological changes of typical epidermal cysts.Following surgical removal of the cysts,no recurrence was observed during six-month follow-up.Conclusions The epidermal cysts in hairless parts of the extremities have a short onset time,without opening surface,eruption or secretion.The pathological changes are the same as those in hairy parts of the epidermal cysts.The preferred treatment is complete surgical resection.