2023年肇庆市现存HIV/AIDS患者随访检测现状统计分析

Statistical Analysis of Follow-up Testing Status of Living HIV/AIDS Cases in Zhaoqing in 2023

目的了解肇庆市现存艾滋病病毒感染及艾滋病(human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome,HIV/AIDS)患者随访检测现状的流行病学特征。方法肇庆市疾病预防控制中心对肇庆市2023年1—12月现存的HIV/AIDS患者开展描述性流行病学分析,比较不同流行病学特征随访检测比例。结果截至2023年底现住址为肇庆的现存患者有1745例,男女比例为2.9∶1(1300/445);年龄以20~59岁为主,占77.0%;传播途径以异性传播为主,占73.2%;以医疗机构就诊发现为主,占57.3%。按年份统计,2021—2023年肇庆市每年现存HIV/AIDS患者随访检测比例呈逐年上升的趋势[88.3%(1402/1588)vs 89.6%(1507/1682)vs 95.7%(1670/1745)],差异有统计意义(χ^(2)=66.910,P<0.05);按现住址统计,2023年各县(市、区)现存的HIV/AIDS患者随访检测比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);按人群特征统计,疾病名称、治疗状态随访检测比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论2021—2023年肇庆市每年现存HIV/AIDS患者随访检测比例呈逐年上升趋势,2023年各县(市、区)随访检测比例有差异。在日后随访检测工作中针对随访检测现况的相关流行病学特征,采取各项干预措施,增加病人随访检测的依从性,能有效提高现存患者随访检测比例。

Objective To understand the current status of follow-up testing among HIV/AIDS(human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome)patients in Zhaoqing city.Methods Zhaoqing City Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a descriptive epidemiological analysis of living HIV/AIDS cases from January to December 2023 in Zhaoqing City.Univariate analysis was used to compare the proportion of follow-up testing among different epidemiological characteristics.Results By the end of 2023,1745 patients were reported to be alive with current address in Zhaoqing.The ratio of male to female was 2.9∶1(1300/445).The main route of age ranged from 20 to 59 years,accounting for 77.0%.The main route of transmission was heterosexual transmission,accounting for 73.2%.Most patients were found through medical institutions,accounting for 57.3%.From 2021 to 2023,the proportion of follow-up testing of living HIV/AIDS patients in Zhaoqing city increased year by year[88.3%(1402/1588)vs 89.6%(1507/1682)vs 95.7%(1670/1745)],and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=66.910,P<0.05).According to the current address,there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of follow-up tests among the living HIV/AIDS patients in 2023 in counties of Zhaoqing city(P<0.05).Analysis of population characteristics showed that there were statistically significant differences in the proportion of follow-up tests by disease name and treatment status(both P<0.05).Conclusion From 2021 to 2023,the proportion of follow-up testing of living HIV/AIDS patients in Zhaoqing will increase year by year.There was a difference in the proportion of follow-up tests among patients in each county of Zhaoqing in 2023.In the future follow-up and testing work,interventions should be taken according to the epidemiological characteristics of the current status of follow-up and testing to increase the compliance of patients with follow-up and testing,which can effectively improve the proportion of survival patients with follow-up and testing.