解释论视野下污染环境罪的罪过形式

Mental Culpability’s Form in the Crime of Environmental Pollution Under the Perspective of Interpretive Theory

污染环境罪的罪过学说包括故意说、过失说、混合罪过说、择一罪过说和层级罪过说。主张本罪的罪过形式“包括过失”既缺乏文理依据,也难寻伦理依据。故意说适应了环境刑法保护法益的调整,与污染环境罪的行为构造相契合,满足本罪在司法实务中的需求。在已经采取生态学的人类中心的法益论,提前介入打击环境犯罪的基础上,刑法不应继续降低污染环境罪的罪过条件,应该恪守刑法谦抑主义,提倡污染环境罪故意说。

The doctrines of fault for the crime of environmental pollution include the theory of intentionality,negligence,mixed fault,alternative fault,and hierarchical fault.It is argued that the form of fault for this crime“including negligence”lacks both textual and ethical basis.The theory of intent adapts to the adjustment of the legal interests protected by environmental criminal law,fits the structure of the act of the crime of environmental pollution,and meets the needs of this crime in judicial practice.Criminal law,having already adopted an ecological human-centered theory of legal interests and intervened early to combat environmental crimes,should not continue to lower the fault conditions for the crime of environmental pollution.It should adhere to the principle of the restraint of criminal law and advocate the theory of intent for the crime of environmental pollution.