声纳浮标四臂阵阵列流形矢量的形式研究

Research on Manifold Vector Form of Four-arm Array of Sonar Buoy

当前国际上应用较为广泛的一类扩展阵形结构的声呐浮标,布放后的阵形一般为平面多臂形,从几何上均可视为多层圆阵或多边形阵,对于这两种不同的几何拆分结果,其阵列流形矢量也可以有多种表达方式。文中以声纳浮标四臂阵为例,对其阵列流形矢量的数学表达形式展开研究,总结出2种不同的表达形式,这两种形式分别基于多边形阵和多层圆阵构造而成,分别适用于定向多波束形成的节能工作模式和即时调整阵元数臂数的仿真试验。针对两种不同的阵列流形矢量形式,文中给出了其静态波束图、MVDR波束形成图和二维窗函数波束形成图,多种波束形成仿真的结果表明,两种阵列流形矢量表达形式得到的静态方向图完全一致,并且能够在各自的适用范围,提高对浮标接收信号的处理效率。

A type of extended array structure sonar buoy that is currently widely used internationally is generally a planar multi arm array,which can be seen as a multi-layer circular or polygonal array geometrically.For these two different geometric splitting results,the array manifold vector can also have multiple expressions.Four-arm array of sonar buoys are taken as an example to study the mathematical expression of its array manifold vector,and two different expression forms are summarized.These two forms are constructed based on a polygonal array and a multi-layer circular array,respectively,suitable for energy-saving operation mode of directional multi beam forming and simulation experiments of real-time adjustment of the number of array elements and arms.For two different array manifold vector forms,static beamforming,MVDR beamforming,and two-dimensional window function beamforming are presented in the article.The results of various beamforming simulations show that the static directional patterns obtained by the two array manifold vector expressions are completely consistent and can improve the processing efficiency of buoy received signals within their respective application ranges.