饲料中添加酶制剂和抗菌肽对藏鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力及免疫性能的影响

Effects of enzyme preparations and antibacterial peptides on production performance,antioxidant capacity and immune performance of Xizang chickens

本研究在饲料中分别添加非淀粉多糖复合酶制剂、抗菌肽及二者联合添加,探究其对藏鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力及免疫性能的影响。挑选240羽14日龄健康藏鸡(公母各半),将藏鸡随机分为4组:基础饲料组(CK)、基础饲料添加300 mg/kg复合酶制剂组(NSP处理)、基础饲料添加200 mg/kg抗菌肽组(AMPs处理)及基础饲料添加300 mg/kg复合酶制剂+200 mg/kg抗菌肽的酶肽组(NSP+AMPs处理)。在42日龄、63日龄于每个重复中选取2只体重相近的藏鸡统计生产性能相关指标。结果表明,(1)与CK相比,NSP处理、AMPs处理及NSP+AMPs处理均能显著增加21~42日龄藏鸡平均日采食量(P<0.05);NSP+AMPs处理能显著提升藏鸡平均日增重(P<0.05)。(2)NSP+AMPs处理可显著降低42日龄、63日龄藏鸡血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),显著提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05)。NSP处理可显著降低42日龄及63日龄藏鸡血清中MDA含量,提升42日龄及63日龄藏鸡血清中GSH-Px的活性(P<0.05)。AMPs处理可显著提升42日龄藏鸡血清中GSH-Px活性及63日龄藏鸡血清中SOD活性(P<0.05),可显著降低63日龄藏鸡血清中MDA含量;NSP+AMPs处理可显著降低42日龄及63日龄藏鸡肝脏中MDA含量(P<0.05),可显著提高GSH-Px活性(P<0.05)。NSP处理可显著降低42日龄藏鸡肝脏中MDA含量,显著提高GSH-Px活性(P<0.05),各处理均可提升42日龄及63日龄藏鸡肝脏中SOD活性(P<0.05)。(3)AMPs处理与NSP+AMPs处理能显著提升42日龄藏鸡的法氏囊指数(P<0.05),且NSP+AMPs处理能显著提升63日龄藏鸡法氏囊指数(P<0.05),所有试验组均能显著提升42日龄、63日龄藏鸡血清新城疫抗体效价(P<0.05);AMPs处理与NSP+AMPs处理均显著提升42日龄、63日龄藏鸡血清中免疫球蛋白Y(IgY)含量(P<0.05)。饲料中酶制剂与抗菌肽联合添加可显著提高藏鸡的抗氧化能力与免疫性能,且显著提高藏鸡的生产性能,酶制剂与抗菌肽联合添加效果优于酶制剂或抗菌肽单独添加。

The effects of non-starch polysaccharide complex enzyme preparations,antimicrobial peptides and their combination on production performance,antioxidant capacity and immune performance of Xizang chickens were investigated.A total of 24014-day-old healthy Xizang chickens(half male and half female)were randomly divided into four groups:basal diet group(CK),basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg compound enzyme preparation group(NSP treatment),basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide group(AMPs treatment)and 300 mg/kg compound enzyme preparation+200 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide group(NSP+AMPs treatment).At 42 and 63 days of age,two Xizang chickens with similar body weight were selected from each replicate to calculate the production performance related indicators.The results showed that compared with CK,NSP treatment,AMPs treatment and NSP+AMPs treatment could significantly increase the average daily feed intake of Xizang chickens aged 21 days to 42 days(P<0.05).NSP+AMPs treatment significantly increased the average daily gain of Xizang chickens(P<0.05).NSP+AMPs treatment significantly reduced the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05),and significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P<0.05).NSP treatment could significantly reduce the content of MDA in serum of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens,and increase the activity of GSH-Px in serum of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05).AMPs treatment significantly increased the activity of GSH-Px in serum of 42-day-old Xizang chickens and the activity of SOD in serum of 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the content of MDA in serum of 63-day-old Xizang chickens.NSP+AMPs treatment significantly decreased the content of MDA(P<0.05)and increased the activity of GSH-Px(P<0.05)in the liver of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens.NSP treatment could significantly reduce the content of MDA in the liver of 42-day-old Xizang chickens and significantly increase the activity of GSH-Px(P<0.05).All treatments could increase the activity of SOD in the liver of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05).AMPs treatment and NSP+AMPs treatment could significantly increase the bursal index of 42-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05),and NSP+AMPs treatment could significantly increase the bursal index of 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05).All experimental groups could significantly increase the serum Newcastle disease antibody titer of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05).Both AMPs treatment and NSP+AMPs treatment significantly increased the content of immunoglobulin Y(IgY)in serum of 42-day-old and 63-day-old Xizang chickens(P<0.05).The combined addition of enzyme preparations and antimicrobial peptides in feed can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity,immune performance and production performance of Xizang chickens.The combined addition of enzyme preparations and antimicrobial peptides is better than the single addition of enzyme preparations or antimicrobial peptides.