高碳铬轴承钢球化退火碳化物尺寸评级标准的对比讨论

Comparison and Discussion on Standard Rating Carbide Size of As-spheroidized High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel

本文对比分析制造业现行以下各标准关于高碳铬轴承钢碳化物尺寸规定:GB/T 18254-2016高碳铬轴承钢第5级别图退火组织,SEP 1520-1998钢中碳化物图谱系列显微检验法(斯凯孚公司D33标准总则采用同一标准),ASTM A892-09(2020)高碳轴承钢显微组织的定义和等级的标准导引及其附录金相图谱,舍弗勒公司轴承钢100Cr6球化退火显微组织标准(图谱)S 261010。对于球化退火碳化物尺寸评级,可见我国标准比国外标准级数少,且碳化物尺寸级差不均匀;我国企业通常要求第2级合格,碳化物尺寸偏大,并且显示偏聚程度较大和存在个别大颗粒;没有对超细球化退火组织碳化物级别的界定。需要结合我国轴承企业发展现状并参照国际先进标准,适当修订相关标准。

It is compared and discussed on the carbide size of as-spheroidized high carbon chromium bearing steels with different specifications as followings:GB/T 18254-2016 high carbon chromium bearing steels,SEP 1520-1998 microscopic examination of carbide structure in steels by means of diagram series including SKFcorporation D33 general standard principle,ASTM A892-09(Reproved 2020)standard guide for defining and rate the microstructure of High Carbon Bearing Steels with ASTM Adjunct ADJA0892,schaeffler corporation standard S 261010 for the microstructure of as-spheroidized bearing steel 100Cr6.For as-spheroidized carbide size rating,the grade number of Chinese standards is less than that of foreign standards,and the carbide size difference of relevant grade is larger;Chinese enterprises usually require the grade 2 as qualified with the larger carbide size,and in the diagram series there are the larger degree of carbide particle segregation and the presence of individual large particles;There are not specification diagrams for the ultrafine carbide grade.It is required to revise the relevant standards refer to the development status of China’s bearing enterprises and the international advanced standards.