若干黏土矿物的基础和应用研究

Fundamental and Application Researches of Several Kinds of Clay Minerals

黏土矿物储量丰富且具有独特的微观结构和物理化学性质,其资源开发和高值化利用具有重要意义。然而,黏土矿物基础理论,特别是成分、结构及性能之间关系缺乏深入探究,在新型功能材料方面的应用受到一定的限制。本文将作者团队近几年来针对若干黏土矿物基础和应用两方面的研究成果进行了归纳总结。基础研究方面主要介绍了高岭石层堆垛有序-无序与结晶度、蒙脱石层间阳离子的能量及占位、坡缕石原矿的物相定量分析以及坡缕石八面体阳离子占位等。基于上述理论研究,进一步探讨了黏土矿物在固态电解质、发光材料、相变储能材料、膜材料以及环境材料的制备和应用,提出了现行研究存在的问题并展望了未来发展方向,以期对黏土矿物及矿物材料的研究提供一定的参考。

Clay minerals are abundant resources.They are characterized by unique microstructures and physico-chemical properties.Their development and high-value utilization are of highly significant.However,fundamental theories,particularly the relationships between compositions,structures,and performances of clay minerals,remain insufficiently explored.Thus,their applications in novel functional materials are limited in certain extent.This paper summarizes the recent achievements of both the fundamental and application researches of clay minerals by the author's team over the past few years.The fundamental researches mainly cover topics such as the ordered-disordered stacking of layers of kaolinite and its crystallinity,the energy and occupancy of interlayer cations in montmorillonite,the quantitative phase analysis of raw palygorskite,and the octahedral cation occupancy in palygorskite.Based on the above theoretical studies,the preparation and application of clay minerals in solid-state electrolytes,organic light-emitting molecule/clay mineral composites,phase change energy storage materials,membrane materials,and environmental materials have been further explored and discussed.The existed challenges in current researches have been pointed out,and future development directions of researches have been prospected,aiming to provide a certain reference for studies of clay minerals and functional mineral materials.