情境动机在临床一线护理人员心理资本与情绪耗竭间的中介作用

The mediating role of situational motivation between psychological capital and emotional exhaustion among frontline clinical nurses

目的探讨临床一线护理人员心理资本、情境动机和情绪耗竭三者之间的关系。方法采用一般资料调查表、心理资本问卷、情境动机量表、情绪耗竭量表对西安市4所三级甲等医院的1669名临床一线护理人员进行问卷调查。结果临床一线护理人员心理资本得分为(107.77±12.68)分,情境动机4个维度中得分最高的为内部动机(22.42±4.68)分,情绪耗竭得分为(17.72±6.46)分。情绪耗竭与心理资本及其4个维度、内部动机、外在协调呈负相关(P<0.05);心理资本与内部动机、认同协调和外在协调呈正相关(P<0.01),与去动机呈负相关(P<0.01)。结果显示,内部动机在临床一线护理人员心理资本与情绪耗竭间发挥部分中介作用,效应值为-0.084,占总效应的23.60%。结论临床一线护理人员情绪耗竭处于中等偏高水平,要充分发挥心理资本对情绪耗竭的直接作用和内部动机的中介作用,为防范临床一线护理人员职业倦怠、减少人员流失、稳定人才队伍、提高护理能力水平和患者救治质量提供理论依据。

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological capital,situational motivation and emotional exhaustion among frontline clinical nurses.Methods A total of 1699 frontline clinical nurses from four tertiary grade A hospitals in Xi'an were surveyed using general situation questionnaire,Psychological Capital Questionnaire,The Situational Motivation Scale and Emotional Exhaustion Scale.Results The frontline clinical nurses'psychological capital score was(107.77±12.68).The highest score among the four dimensions of situational motivation was internal motivation(22.42±4.68),and the emotional exhaustion score was(17.72±6.46).Emotional exhaustion was negatively correlated with psychological capital and its four dimensions,internal motivation and external coordination(P<0.05).Psychological capital was positively correlated with internal motivation,identity coordination and external coordination(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with demotivation(P<0.01).The results showed that internal motivation played a partial mediating role between psychological capital and emotional exhaustion of frontline clinical nurses,with an effect value of-0.084,accounting for 23.60%of the total effect.Conclusion The emotional exhaustion of frontline clinical nurses is moderately high.It is necessary to give full play to the direct effect of psychological capital on emotional exhaustion and the mediating role of internal motivation,so as to provide a theoretical basis for preventing professional burnout of frontline clinical nurses,reducing staff turnover,stabilizing the talent team,and improving nursing ability and level and patient treatment quality.