8个品种大麻籽氨基酸组成分析及蛋白质营养评价

Amino Acids Composition and Nutritional Evaluation of Proteins in Eight Samples of Hempseed

为比较8个不同品种大麻籽蛋白质营养,测定了8个不同品种大麻籽的粗蛋白含量及氨基酸组成、分析呈味氨基酸含量、药用氨基酸含量,采用氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)、氨基酸比值系数分(SRC)、必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)等营养学方法,进行营养价值评价。结果表明,大麻籽中均含有被检测的17种氨基酸,氨基酸种类齐全,其中包括除色氨酸以外的7种必需氨基酸,具有较丰富的营养价值。不同种质大麻籽中氨基酸含量存在差异,氨基酸总量为406.68~616.56 mg/g,必需氨基酸与总氨基酸的比值为0.226~0.234,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值为0.291~0.307,都低于联合国粮食及农业组织、世界卫生组织模式参考值0.4和0.6。大麻籽中药用氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的68.87%,G品种中药用氨基酸含量最高,达429.74mg/g,占总氨基酸含量的69.70%。不同种质大麻籽药用氨基酸含量相差较大,但是在总氨基酸中所占比例基本一致。大麻籽样品中谷氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸为含量最高的3种氨基酸,缬氨酸为第一限制性氨基酸。8个品种大麻籽为药用价值非常高的植物蛋白资源。

To evaluate the nutritional value of proteins in 8 different hempseed varieties,the amino acids composition and crude protein contents of 8 samples were analyzed.The contents of taste-active amino acids and medicinal amino acids were determined and the nutritional value of proteins was assessed by calculating amino acids score(AAS),chemical score(CS),score of ratio coefficient of amino acids(SRC),essential amino acids index(EAAI).The results showed that each sample contained 17 amino acids,including all essential amino acids except tryptophan,with total amino acids contents ranging from 406.68~616.56 mg/g.The ratios of essential to total amino acids(EAA/TAA)were in the range of 0.226~0.234,and the ratios of essential to non-essential amino acids(EAA/NEAA)ranged from 0.291~0.307,which were lower than the FAO/WHO reference values of 0.4 and 0.6,respectively.The medicinal amino acids accounted for about 68.87%of the TAA content in hempseed,which was the highest(429.74 mg/g)in the hempseed(G),accounting for 69.70%of the TAA content.The content of medicinal amino acids in hempseed depending on the germplasms,but the proportions of medicinal amino acids in TAA were identical.The most abundant amino acids were Glu,Arg,Asp and the limiting amino acids were Val.8 hempseed varieties were plant protein resources with high medicinal value.