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几种有机化合物和附着基对网纹纹藤壶附着的影响

Effects of organic compounds and substrata on the settlement of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus reticulatus
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摘要 在热带、亚热带海域,网纹纹藤壶Amphibalanus reticulatus通常是污损生物群落中的关键性种类,在海洋生态系统中占有重要地位,是人们防除污损重点关注的对象。探讨了敌草隆、代森锌、三氯生、甲基丙烯酸3-磺酸丙酯钾盐(SPMA)和甲基丙烯酰乙基磺基甜菜碱(SBMA)等5种有机化合物对网纹纹藤壶金星幼虫的影响,观察了金星幼虫在玻璃、石蜡、琼脂凝胶、聚苯乙烯塑料和304不锈钢等材质的附着基上的附着状况,测算了实海挂板3个月的不锈钢试板上网纹纹藤壶的切向附着应力,评估了藤壶在不锈钢材质的附着强度。为期120 h的实验结果表明,在10μg/cm^(2)剂量作用下,敌草隆、代森锌和三氯生对藤壶幼虫的附着有显著的抑制作用,但不会对幼虫的存活产生影响;单体的甲基丙烯酸3-磺酸丙酯钾盐(SPMA)和甲基丙烯酰乙基磺基甜菜碱(SBMA)则对藤壶幼虫的存活和附着均不产生作用。网纹纹藤壶幼虫在玻璃、聚苯乙烯塑料、石蜡和不锈钢等附着基上的附着状况无显著差异,但琼脂凝胶附着基在最初的48 h内幼虫附着率较低,其后时间则与其它4种附着基不再存在差别。浸海3个月的不锈钢试板上黏附的网纹纹藤壶平均切向附着应力为0.31 MPa。研究为海洋污损生物防除研究和海洋生态环境保护工作提供了科学依据,丰富和发展海洋生物学知识。 Acorn barnacles are common marine invertebrates with pelagic and benthic stages in their lives.The barnacle Amphibalanus reticulatus is usually a key species in the fouling communities of tropical and subtropical waters and plays an important role in marine ecosystems.Further exploration of the relationship between its larval settlement and different physicochemical factors is of importantly theoretical and practical significance.In this study,egg lamellae obtained by dissecting field-collected adults of A.reticulatus were placed in filtered seawater.The hatched nauplii were reared at 30℃in darkness with the alga,Platymonas subcordiformis,at a concentration of(2.5—3.0)×105 cells/mL.Plenty of cyprids were present after 5 days.They were collected and stored at 4℃for the following tests.The effects of five organic compounds(dose of 10μg/cm^(2)),including diuron,zineb,triclosan,3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt(SPMA)and sulfobetaine methacrylate(SBMA),on the cyprids were studied.Then cyprid settlement on 5 different substrata—glass,paraffin wax,agar gel,polystyrene plastic and stainless steel was observed.All experiments lasted for 120 hours and both surviving and settled individuals were counted at intervals every 24 hours during the study period.And the shear attachment strength of barnacles on the stainless steel panels immersed in the sea for 3 months was measured and analysed.The results indicated that after 120 hours the larval settlement rates in the diuron,zineb and triclosan treatment groups were 27.8%,32.6%and 49.8%,respectively,and significantly less than the control group(74.8%)(P<0.05).However,in the monomeric SPMA and SBMA groups,the settlement rates were 70.9%and 72.2%,respectively,and there were no significant differences compared with the control(P>0.05).As for the larval survival rates,there were no significant differences among the 5 organic compounds and control groups(P>0.05).Concerning the impact of substrata,there were no significant differences in the settlement rates on glass,paraffin wax,polystyrene plastic,and stainless steel.However,the settlement on agar gel was 11.0%and 32.1%at the 24 hours and 48 hours,significantly less than the other 4 groups(P<0.05).After 72 hours,more larvae settled on the agar gel and no difference,compared with the other groups,occurred during the subsequent period.Regarding the adhesion of barnacles on the stainless steel panels,data on the shear stress were within the range of 0.18 MPa to 0.38 MPa,with the average value being 0.31 MPa.Although the shear force required to peel off barnacles became greater with growth(i.e.the baseplate area expanding),the increase in shear attachment stress was not significant.In conclusion,at the dosage of 10μg/cm^(2),diuron,zineb and triclosan could inhibit the larval settlement of A.reticulatus,but not affect cyprid survival.Less larvae settled on the agar gel within the initial 48 hours,and then the difference in larval settlement rates no longer existed among the 5 substrata mentioned above through time.The adhesion shear stress of the barnacle A.reticulatus colonizing stainless steel panels did not change significantly with growth presenting a relatively stable state.The study can provide a scientific basis for the development of research on marine antifouling strategies and ecological environmental protection.
作者 曹文浩 龚雪艳 严涛 吴正江 周峰 CAO Wenhao;GONG Xueyan;YAN Tao;WU Zhengjiang;ZHOU Feng(Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Wuhan Second Ship Design&Research Institute,Wuhan 430064,China)
出处 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第23期10631-10638,共8页 Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金 固体润滑国家重点实验室开放课题(LSL-1813) 广东省海洋与渔业科技攻关与研发项目(A201701C06)。
关键词 网纹纹藤壶 金星幼虫 有机化合物 附着基 切向附着应力 Amphibalanus reticulatus cyprids organic compounds substrata adhesion shear stress
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