传统的儒、佛、道三教观

Traditional Views on Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism:

中国历史上,儒、佛、道三教之争,仅在是非高低,谁都没有把谁看做别种另类。韩愈反佛,也是教门之间的斗争,而不是世俗反对宗教的行为。佛教学者,则从来不仅把儒教看作同类,甚至看作同道。从宋代开始,儒者们一面批判佛教、道教,一面讨论儒教和他们的异同。明清时期的佛道二教学者,不仅不把自己看作儒教的异类,还更加努力地向儒教靠拢,承认儒教的主流地位,尽可能采纳儒教教义来装饰自己。

Historically in China, the struggle against one another among Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism has never been that to decide which is right or wrong, or superior or inferior. None of them regard the others as enemies. Han Yu ' s stand against Buddhism is no other than dispute between different religious beliefs, not in deed a worldly fight against religion. Buddhist scholars regard Confucians not only as their fellow beings but as their comrades as well. Ever since the Song dynasty, Confucians have been discussing the differences and similarities of the three beliefs while criticizing Buddhism and Taoism. During the Ming and Qing periods, Both Buddhist and Taoist scholars endeavor to get close to Confucianism rather than consider it incompatible. They accept Confucianism as the main stream in status and try hard to draw on the Confucian doctrine to adorn themselves.