以皮肤紫癜为临床表现儿童相关性疾病的鉴别诊断

Differential Diagnosis of Childhood-related Diseases with Skin Purpura as Clinical Manifestation

目的皮肤紫癜以血液溢于皮肤、黏膜之下,出现瘀点瘀斑,压之不退色为其临床特征,是小儿常见的出血性疾病之一。以皮肤紫癜为临床表现的儿童相关性疾病很多,临床上常见的有自身免疫性疾病、血液系统疾病、皮肤病等。皮肤紫癜的皮疹形式多种多样,常常伴有其他临床表现,在诊断疾病时易被忽视。部分以皮肤紫癜为首发表现的疾病,因其发病率低、起病隐匿且缺乏特异性临床表现,极易造成漏诊及误诊。对皮肤紫癜为临床表现儿童相关性疾病的鉴别,可以使部分疾病在早期得以明确诊断,指导治疗,改善预后。

The skin purpura is bloody under the skin and mucous membranes,and has ecchymosis,which is a clinical characteristic of the skin,and is one of the common hemorrhagic diseases in children.There are many children-related diseases with clinical manifestations of purpura,and autoimmune diseases,blood system diseases,and skin diseases are common in clinical practice.The rash of skin purpura is diverse and often accompanied by other clinical manifestations that are easily overlooked in the diagnosis of disease.Some of the diseases with skin purpura as the first manifestation,due to its low incidence,insidious onset and lack of specific clinical manifestations,can easily lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.The identification of skin-purpura as a clinical manifestation of childhood-related diseases can enable some diseases to be diagnosed early,guide treatment,and improve prognosis.