河南省水资源利用效益的时空演化及障碍因子分析

Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Obstacle Factor of the Water Resources Utilization Benefit in Henan Province

为了促进水资源可持续利用,采用综合指数法测算了河南省水资源利用效益,运用ArcGIS 10.8软件分析了重心演变趋势,并运用障碍度模型探讨了障碍因子。结果表明:1)河南省各市水资源综合利用效益指数均呈波动上升趋势,其中安阳生态效益指数增幅最大、商丘降幅最大,商丘经济效益指数增幅最大、平顶山增幅最小,濮阳社会效益指数增幅最大、鹤壁降幅最大;2)河南省水资源利用效益指数重心分布于郑州和许昌,呈现向东北迁移趋势,其中生态效益指数、经济效益指数和社会效益指数重心分别呈现向东南、东和东北迁移趋势;3)河南省水资源利用效益主要障碍因子区域差异明显,其中污水处理率、万元工业增加值用水量、亿元农业总产值用水量、城市建成区供水管道密度、自来水普及率分别是鹤壁、漯河、周口3个地级市,洛阳、平顶山2个地级市,安阳、新乡、焦作、濮阳、济源5个地级市,许昌、三门峡2个地级市,南阳、商丘、驻马店3个地级市第一大障碍因子;城市建成区绿化覆盖率、万元GDP用水量、人均日生活用水量分别是开封、信阳、郑州的第一大障碍因子。基于研究结果,提出了提升河南省水资源利用效益的建议。

In order to promote the sustainable utilization of water resources,this paper used the comprehensive index method to calculate the water resources utilization benefits in Henan Province,analyzed the evolution trend of the center of gravity by using ArcGIS 10.8 software,and analyzed the obstacle factors by using the obstacle model.The results show that:a) The comprehensive utilization benefits of water resources shows a fluctuating upward trend in Henan Province,among them,Anyang has the largest increase in ecological benefits,Shangqiu has the largest decrease,Shangqiu has the largest increase in economic benefits,Pingdingshan has the smallest,Puyang has the largest increase in social benefits,and Hebi has the largest decrease.b) The gravity center of water resources utilization benefits in Henan Province is distributed in Zhengzhou and Xuchang cities,showing a trend of migration towards the northeast.Among them,the gravity center of ecological benefits,economic benefits and social benefits shows a trend of migration to the southeast,east and northeast respectively.c) There are significant regional differences in the main obstacles to the utilization efficiency of water resources in Henan Province.Among them,the sewage treatment rate,water consumption per 10 000 yuan of industrial added value,water consumption per 100 million yuan of agricultural output value,density of water supply pipelines in built-up areas,and water penetration rate are the top obstacles in Hebi,Luohe,and Zhoukou prefecture level cities,Luoyang and Pingdingshan prefecture level cities,Anyang,Xinxiang,Jiaozuo,Puyang,and Jiyuan prefecture level cities,Xuchang and Sanmenxia prefecture level cities,Nanyang,Shangqiu,and Zhumadian prefecture level cities,respectively;The green coverage rate of built-up areas,water consumption per 10 000 yuan of GDP,and per capita daily water consumption are the top obstacles for Kaifeng,Xinyang,and Zhengzhou,respectively.Based on the research results,some suggestions were proposed to improve the water resource utilization benefits in Henan Province.