山地都市边缘区农村居民点布局优化策略——以重庆渝北区石船镇为例

Optimization Strategy of Rural Settlement Layout in Mountainous Urban Fringe Area:A Case Study of Shichuan Town in Yubei District of Chongqing

山地都市边缘区农村居民点因受自然条件及人类活动的双重扰动而深刻转型,探索特殊区域农村居民点布局适宜性及其优化策略,有利于推进特殊区域的国土空间治理与缓解用地矛盾,并为特殊地域的国土空间规划提供借鉴。文章以山地都市边缘区的重庆渝北区石船镇为例,采用地类转移矩阵、ArcGIS空间统计、理想点逼近(TOPSIS)、核密度法和多因素叠加分析等方法集成分析山地都市边缘区农村居民点优化布局与优化策略。结果表明:①研究区2010—2016年城镇建设用地单项动态度为55.72%,城镇建设用地需求旺盛,以耕地占用的发展模式,没有得到根本扭转,亟待通过居民点空间治理,增加建设用地指标,缓解用地矛盾。②研究区农村居民点总体分布零乱,但其内部空间布局在某种程度上仍表现出一定的空间集聚性,整体呈现出以河水村为中心,密度由内到外依次降低的规律。③研究区居民点布局受到自然、经济、社会多重因素影响,亟待因地制宜制定差异化的优化策略。

Rural settlement in mountainous urban fringe areas are undergoing profound transformation due to the dual disturbance of natural conditions and human activities.Therefore,exploring the suitability and optimization strategies of the rural settlement layout in special regions is conducive to promoting the spatial governance of special regions and alleviating land use contradictions.The paper takes Shichuan Town located at mountainous urban fringe area of Yubei District as an example,and adopts the methods of the transfer matrix,Arc GIS spatial statistical analysis,TOPSIS,kernel density analysis and multi-factor analysis to intensively analyze the optimization layout and strategies of the rural settlements on the mountainous urban fringe areas.The results show that:1)The single dynamic degree of urban construction land is 55.72%from 2010 to 2016.The demand for urban construction land is strong,and the development pattern of cultivated land has not been radically reversed.It is urgent to alleviate the land use contradiction by the means of the spatial governance of rural settlement and the increase of the construction land index.2)The overall distribution of rural settlements on the mountainous urban fringe area is disorderly and shows a decrease tendency with Heshui Village as the center,but it still represents spatial agglomeration in term of the internal spatial layout.3)Rural settlement layout is influenced by multiple factors,such as natural,economic and social factors.Based on planning policy guidance and rural settlements space expansion restricted zoning,it should establish differentiated optimization strategies.