挖掘机工作装置挖掘力及铰点受力仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Digging Force and Force Acted on Hinged Joints of Working Device for Excavator

利用三维造型软件Pro/e及动力学仿真软件ADAMS,搭建了某大型挖掘机SH700-5的虚拟样机模型。为获得铲斗以及斗杆最大挖掘力值,依据挖掘力国标测试方法对工作装置挖掘力进行了仿真测试,并与理论计算值进行了对比,结果表明,两种挖掘方式下工作装置自重对挖掘力大小分别有约4%与8%的提升作用。为研究挖掘作业过程中各铰点受力变化情况,分别按照铲斗挖掘以及斗杆挖掘方式驱动工作装置活塞杆动作,在铲斗上加载阻力,对挖掘作业过程进行模拟仿真,得到了关键铰点连续变化的受力曲线,结果表明,动臂与斗杆连接铰点受力最大,其瞬间受力最大值与挖掘阻力最大值之比分别为4.69与7.13。

The virtual prototype model of a large type excavator SH700-5 was built with the three-dimensional modeling software Pro / e and the dynamic simulation software ADAMS. In order to obtain the maximum digging force for the bucket and arm,the simulation and test for the digging force of working device were accomplished according to the GB measuring method and compared with the theoretically calculated value. The results show that under two different digging modes,the weight of working device will increase the digging force by about 4% and 8%,respectively. To study the changes of force acted on each hinged joints during the digging process,the action of the piston rods on working device was driven by bucket and arm respectively,and the loading resistance was exerted on the bucket to simulate the process of digging. the curves of the continuously changing force acted on the key hinged joints were obtained. The results indicate that the force value acted on hinged joint connecting the boom and stick is the biggest,the ratio of the maximum force and maximum digging resistance under two different digging modes are 4. 69 and 7. 13.