达斡尔语渔业词汇与渔业文化历史变迁

The Historical Transitions of the Fishery Words in Daur Language and Fishery Culture of Daur Nationality

达斡尔族曾经有过十分繁荣的渔业生产活动 ,尽管中外历史文献对此记载不详 ,但达斡尔语口语中保留的有关渔业生产活动的词汇却为此问题的研究提供了弥足珍贵的佐证。在与东北其他渔猎民族的相关词汇进行初步比较后 ,我们发现达斡尔语中的渔业词汇具有语义细腻、渔具名称丰富、捕捞方式多样、较少与其他语言的同源词等特点。这反映了达斡尔族的渔业生产活动基本是在较为封闭的环境下进行的 。

The fishery production in Daur once had been rather prosperous which had not been recorded in detail yet. However, the survival words about it in Daur colloquial language do provide much valuable proof in research of it. Compared with relative words in other fishing and hunting nationalities of the northeast part in China, the fishing words in Daur language has some special characteristics such as profound meanings, abundant names of fishing tools, various catching methods and sharing few cognates with other languages, which reflects that the fishery production of Daur had been carried under a bit closed surroundings, and to some extent, which gives further evidence for the far long history of fishery production of Daur.