人喉盖仑神经吻合支新解剖分类研究

New Study of the Anatomic Classification of the Galen Nervous Ansa in Human Larynx

目的 进一步研究人喉盖仑（Ｇａｌｅｎ）神经吻合支的解剖构成及分类。方法 用显微神经解剖方法对１００例新鲜人半喉及其喉神经进行系统地研究，对其结果进行统计学分析。结果 人喉盖仑神经吻合支分为上、下两个解剖部分，上部来源于喉上神经内支的末梢支，下部来源于喉返神经后支的末梢支。在此基础上，将其解剖类型分为三型，并认为其出现率既非３０％亦非６０％，而是９１％。结论 来源于喉返神经后支的喉内与喉上神经内支的吻合支才是盖仑神经吻合支，按其解剖构成分三型，Ⅰ型占 ７５％，Ⅱ型占 ２０％，Ⅲ型占 ５％，年龄因素不影响其出现率，左、右侧出现率无显著性差异。盖仑神经吻合支在喉神经感觉传导通路上所发挥的作用，仍有待进一步研究。

Objective To further study the precise anatomic construction and classification of the Galen nervous ansa (GA) in the larynx of human being. Mathods 100 fresh human hemi - larynxes were dissected and the laryngeal nervous system was systematically studied by the method of micro - neuroanatomy. The result of dissection was recorded and photographied for the statistical analyses. Results The study showed that the GA is formed by two Parts in that the superior Part comes from the internal branch of the superior Laryngeal(IBSLN) and the inferior part comes from the posterior Part of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Under this condition, the GA is classified into three types and the Presence of GA is neither 30% nor 60% but 91 %. ConcIusion The GA originates from the posterior branch of the RLN, it is classified into three types; Ⅰ:75%, type Ⅱ: 20%, type Ⅲ:5%. Age factor does not influence on the GA appearance and GA appearance of the two sides of larynx does not show a significant difference. The role of GA in the laryngeal afferent passage is not clear.