有机插层蛭石功能材料的制备与表征研究

Research to synthesis and characterization of the organic intercalated vermiculite functional material

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA·Br)对蛭石矿物进行插层改性,制成有机插层蛭石功能材料。应用X射线衍射分析、差热分析等对有机插层蛭石结构进行表征。结果显示,HDTMA可较容易进入蛭石矿物的层间域中,HDTMA以倾斜立式在层间排列,倾角约为57°。蛭石与HDTMA之间的反应,在HDTMA加入量较少时以离子交换为主;在HDTMA加入量较多时,分子吸附也变得重要。当HDTMA加入量小于蛭石的阳离子交换容量时,HDTMA将尽量以紧密排列方式进入部分蛭石层间,进入蛭石层间域的HDTMA具有较好的稳定性,不易解吸。

The organic-vermiculite has been obtained by modifying with hexatrimethylammonium (HDTMA). The basic characteristic of organic moiety intercalated vermiculite has been studied by XRD, DTA etc. Alkylammonium cations can enter into the vermiculite interlayer easily and form paraffin-type structure in the vermiculite interlayer. The interaction of HDTMA with vermiculite includes ion exchange and molecular adsorption. As a result of compacted arrangement of HDTMA in the interlayer, the BET specific surface area of organic-vermiculite doesn′t increase although vermiculite was expanded by HDTMA. When the HDTMA was less than the CEC of vermiculite, HDTMA enter into the vermiculite interlayer by compact array mode. And they have high stability, low de-adsorption capacity.