摘要
Self-medication is an increasingly frequent phenomenon worldwide and has an important influence on health.In this study,we analyzed the self-medication prevalence rate in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people,and explored the influence factors.The data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2011,2013 and 2015 were used.Self-medication prevalence was calculated as the number of whole people divided by the number of people taking self-medication.The influence factors of self-medication were analyzed by panel data random effect model.We excluded observations with missing values in our analysis,leaving 16 962,17 876 and 19 572 observations in 2011,2013 and 2015,respectively.The average 3-year self-medication prevalence was 45.52%.Moreover,11.70%of respondents practiced self-medication with prescription medicine in 2011,2013 and 2015.Respondents living in non-rural areas(P=0.009)and western region(P=0.000)took more self-medication.Self-medication was a common phenomenon among middle-aged and elderly population in China.The government should strengthen the guidance for the middle-aged and elderly people who took more self-medication,such as those living in urban and western region.
自我药疗行为越来越普遍,对中国中老年人健康有着重要影响。本研究分析了中国中老年人自我药疗的发生率,并探讨了自我药疗行为的影响因素。自我药疗发生率的计算方式为自我药疗的人数除以整个人群的数量。使用面板数据随机效应模型分析自我药疗行为的影响因素。数据来自2011年、2013年和2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据库,删除缺失值后, 2011年、2013年和2015年的样本量分别为16 962、17 876、19 572。计算得到三年自我药疗的平均发生率为45.52%。平均11.70%的受访者使用处方药进行了自我药疗。生活在城市(P=0.009)和西部地区(P=0.000)的调查对象自我药疗发生率较高。政府应对自我药疗发生率较高的中老年人群体,如生活在中西部地区和城市的人,加强合理使用自我药疗的指导。
