摘要
The experiments and numerical simulation were conducted for ZL205A aluminum alloy cylindrical shell casting. The formation mechanism of the linear segregation produced by the low pressure die casting (LPDC) process was investigated. And the heat transfer of the casting during solidification process was analyzed by simulation technique, resulting from the information of linear segregation obtained by plenty of experiments. The new linear segregation criterion was proposed through the simulation and experimental results. It was found that the melting metal with high Cu contents was feeding the crack shrinkage formed by the tearing under the effect of feeding pressure during the later solidification, which led to the formation of linear segregation. The control methods for the linear segregation were suggested based on the proposed mechanism. Finally, the criterion of linear segregation was confirmed by the production of the actual castings.
采用实验和数值模拟方法,对ZL205A铝合金筒形壳体铸件在低压铸造时出现的线状偏析的形成机理及预测模型进行研究。利用数值模拟技术对该铸件在凝固期间的传热进行分析,通过大量实际低压铸造获得ZL205A合金铸件中产生的线状偏析信息、铸件低压铸造过程的温度场以及线状偏析形成部位凝固参数的变化规律,提出了ZL205A合金低压铸造过程线状偏析的形成机理和判据。研究表明,ZL205A合金铸件的线状偏析是由于铸件在凝固后期,浇注系统尚能进行补缩,此时铸件局部形成热裂,高浓度的溶质在补缩压力的作用下对该热裂填充而最终在该部位形成线状偏析。根据分析得出形成机理,得到消除线状偏析的工艺控制方法。采用线状偏析判据对其它铸件的线状偏析进行模拟预测,预测结果与实际浇注结果的对比表明,该判据能够较为准确地预测ZL205A合金筒形壳体铸件的线状偏析位置。
