《官场现形记》与晚清“新政”及鲁迅的误解

Officialdom's True Features and the New Deal in Late Qing Dynasty and Lu Xun's Misconception

鲁迅对《官场现形记》创作意图及主题判断是有误的,小说并非因庚子事变的刺激为迎合"时人嗜好"满足于"谴责"———"谩骂"而作,而是起因于1903年李伯元及中国社会经历了对晚清"新政"由满怀希望到彻底失望,旨在揭露"新政"腐败的根源和真相。它集中描写晚清"新政上谕"发布后,中国专制政体与国际化市场相结合,导致官员权力与金钱贪欲的无限制结合,以至权力和人格商业化,使官场腐败像瘟疫一样漫延的种种现象,揭露专制政体是"新政"腐败的总根源和"伪改革"的原因,呼应了唤起人们认清"专制政体为大众之公敌"的政治启蒙目的。

It is revealed that Lu Xun's misconception on the intent and motif of Officialdom's True Features . Li Bao yan wrote this novel not because he intended to cater to the popular need to vituperate officialdom after 1900 Incident,but because he was disappointed in the New Deal of Qing Dynasty,viewing it as a false political reform. This novel intended to disclose the root of its corruption. The autarchy combined with international market economy brought about the marriage of official power and money greed, which results in the commercialization of official power and personality. The novel indicated the autarchy was the root of officialdom's corruption and public enemy.