关于古代气候研究的几点思考——以《黄淮海平原北宋至元中叶的气候冷暖状况》为例

A few Viewpoints on Ancient Climate Research——Take the Thesis of The Climate Condition from North Song to Yuan Dynasty in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain as Example

关于古代中国气候方面的研究成果颇丰 ,但方法上仍有不尽人意之处。梅花、柑橘等与人类行为密切相关的生物物种 ,被过分强调 ,而特殊小气候下的个别现象往往被放大为普通规律。相反 ,对雨雪霜等物理现象关注不足。经常有意无意地以冬季温度来代表全年温度 ,而忽略了其他三个季节 ;对史料的理解过于片面 ,在作气候对比时出现标准的游移变换 ,论据与结论之间缺乏严密的逻辑必然性 ,运用理论时亦有随心所欲之处。这些似乎可以归结为“以论带史”

While great progress has been achieved in researches of ancient climate, many problems are presented meanwhile. Take Mr. Man Zhimin's thesis for example, the relationship between creature and climate is excessively accentuated, and physical phenomena such as frost and snow are somewhat neglected. The temperature of the whole year is sometimes replaced by that in winter. What's more, some faults are discovered in the comprehension to history data, in the comparison of ancient climate and present one, etc. All these may be concluded from the situation that conclusion comes ahead of evidences.