废汽车轮胎的能源化利用技术及其问题探讨

Research and Discussion on Energy Utilization Technology of Waste Automobile Tire and Its Problems

随着有房有车观念的深入人心及国民经济水平的不断提高,我国的汽车行业得到蓬勃发展,轮胎的生产、消费及废轮胎的产生量也随之跃居世界首位。大量废旧的汽车轮胎在淘汰后若无法得到合理的处理处置,将可能在环境、安全、健康等方面给人们造成威胁。为避免废汽车轮胎进一步引起环境“黑色污染”、安全隐患及资源浪费问题,从能源化的角度综述了焚烧、热解和超临界水氧化等废轮胎的综合利用技术,重点介绍了废轮胎的热解利用及不同热解法的优缺点,并对废汽车轮胎能源化利用在技术、管理及政策等方面存在的问题进行了总结和探讨,最后对我国废汽车轮胎能源化利用的未来发展方向进行了展望,以期为我国汽车及轮胎行业的绿色低碳可持续发展提供经验参考。

With the deepening of the concept of house and car and the continuous improvement of the national economic level, our country's automobile industry had been booming, the tire production, consumption and production of waste tires also jumped to the top of the world. If a large number of used automobile tires could not be disposed of reasonably after being eliminated, it might pose a threat to the environment, safety, health and so on. In order to avoid the waste automobile tire further causing the environment “the black pollution”, the security hidden danger and the resources waste question, the comprehensive utilization technologies of waste tyres such as incineration, pyrolysis and supercritical water oxidation were reviewed from an energy perspective. The pyrolysis utilization of waste tyres and the advantages and disadvantages of different pyrolysis methods were highlighted, the problems in technology, management and policy of energy utilization of waste automobile tire were summarized and discussed. Finally, the future development direction of energy utilization of waste automobile tire in China was prospected, in order to provide the experience reference for the green and low-carbon sustainable development of our country’s automobile and tire industry.