废旧纺织品清洁生产技术的脱色工艺研究综述

Research on decolorization process of cleaner production technology of waste textiles

为促进废旧纺织品循环利用的产业化发展,综述了废旧纺织品预处理及脱色工艺技术的研究文献。相关研究认为:采用以氧化还原反应对染料分子进行破坏的化学脱色方法,会导致纺织品物理性能下降,同时产生大量难以处理的废水;物理脱色方法虽然工艺简单,但脱色率较低,难以实现产业化;废旧纺织品采用清洁生产技术的脱色工艺,是未来发展的主要趋势;生物酶、光催化等新型脱色技术的脱色条件温和,使用化学物质的量小,因而对纺织品物理性能的损伤较小,能避免对自然环境造成的二次污染,符合清洁生产和可持续发展理念。

In order to promote the industrialization of waste textiles recycling,this paper reviews the research literature on pretreatment and decolorization technology of waste textiles.Relevant studies show that the chemical decolorization method of destroying dye molecules by redox reaction will lead to the decline of textile physical properties and produce a large amount of wastewater which is difficult to treat.Although the physical decolorization process is simple,the decolorization rate is low,and it is difficult to realize industrialization.Clean production of decolorization process will become the future development trend.New decolorization technologies such as biological enzymes and photocatalysis will cause less damage to the physical properties of textiles.At the same time,the decolorization conditions are mild,and the use of less chemicals will avoid secondary pollution to the environment,which is in line with the concept of clean production and sustainable development.