西南地区风景游憩竹林林内景观评价与改造策略研究

Landscape Evaluation and Reconstruction Strategies of Scenic Recreation Bamboo Forests in Southwest China

研究以西南地区竹林风景区为研究对象,运用层次分析法(AHP法)构建了包含5个准则层、20个指标层的风景竹林林内景观评价指标体系,其中准则层权重为林内美学指标(0.2864)>竹林健康指标(0.2442)>林分结构指标(0.1769)>林下特征指标(0.1663)>林木测树指标(0.1262);运用美景度评价法(SBE法)研究了每个准则层中的主要评价指标(平均枝下高、立竹密度、倒伏度、林下层整齐度、通视性)的类目等级与竹林美景度值的相关性。研究结果表明人们偏爱枝下高在5.5 m以上、竹林密度适当(散生竹6000~12000株·hm^-2,丛生竹700~1100丛·hm^-2)、几乎没有倒伏(或倒伏竹株数≤2株·100m-2)、林下层整齐、通视性在20 m以上的竹林,由此提出了风景竹林林内景观改造提升建议。

Taking the bamboo forest scenic area in Southwest China as the research object,the analytic hierarchy process(AHP method)was used to construct an index system with 5 criterion levels and 20 indicators to evaluate the landscape of scenic bamboo forests.The layer weight is the aesthetic index of the forest(0.2864)>the health index of the bamboo forest(0.2442)>the structure index of the forest(0.1769)>the characteristic index of the understory(0.1663)>the bamboo measurement index(0.1262).The beauty degree evaluation(SBE)was conducted,and the correlation between the category level of the main influencing indicators(visibility,lodging degree,standing bamboo density,understory uniformity,average height under the first branch)in each criterion level and the value of bamboo forest beauty was studied.The results showed that people preferred the bamboo forests with the first branching height above 5.5 m,the bamboo density of 6000~12000 plants·hm^-2 for scattered bamboos and 700~1100 clusters·hm^-2 for clumping bamboos,and almost no lodging or lodging number≤2 plants,neat understory,and visibility more than 20 m.Thus,suggestions for improving the landscape of the scenic bamboo forests were proposed.