三级淋巴结构中高内皮细胞微静脉在结直肠癌中的临床意义

Clinical significance of high endothelial venule in tertiary lymphoid structures in colorectal cancer

三级淋巴结构(tertiary lymphoid structure,TLS)是位于非典型淋巴器官部位的异位淋巴组织。成熟的TLS由T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞区域、树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)和高内皮细胞微静脉(high endothelial venule,HEV)组成。HEV可独特性地介导淋巴细胞的归巢并促进TLS的形成。TLS是肿瘤微环境中直接启动抗肿瘤免疫应答的部位,同时也是免疫细胞进行方向性输送的关键部位。在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)中,TLS和肿瘤相关高内皮细胞微静脉(tumor-associated high endothelial venule,TA-HEV)与患者良好的临床预后相关。本文综述TLS与HEV的结构组成、功能特征、动态发展及调整机制等,从多个维度分析2者对患者预后及免疫治疗应答的预测价值,并探讨诱导TLS和HEV作为肿瘤治疗手段的应用潜能。

Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLSs)are ectopic lymphoid tissues located at atypical lymphoid organ sites.The mature TLS consists of T lymphocytes,B lymphocyte regions,dendritic cells(DCs),and high endothelial venule(HEV)which uniquely mediates the homing of lymphocytes and promote the formation of TLS.TLS is the immediate site of initiation of the anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironment and a key site of directional delivery of immune cells.In colorectal cancer(CRC),TLS and tumorassociated HEV(TA-HEV)are associated with a favorable clinical prognosis.This review summarizes the structural composition,functional characteristics,dynamic development and adjustment mechanism of TLS and HEV,analyzes the predictive values of TLS and HEV for the prognosis of and response to immunotherapy from a multidimensional perspective,and discusses the potential of TLS and HEV induction as a novel therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.